Wetland-Change Data Derived from Landsat Imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1984 to 2015: Land-cover Change Analysis

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Steven H. Douglas
Originator: Julie C. Bernier
Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith
Publication_Date: 20170828
Title:

Wetland-Change Data Derived from Landsat Imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1984 to 2015: Land-cover Change Analysis

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Series_Information:

Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release
Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F76T0KHH

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F76T0KHH

Description:

Abstract:

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release includes geospatial datasets that were created for the analysis of Virginia and Maryland Atlantic coastal wetland changes over time. Wetland change was determined by assessing two metrics: wetland persistence and land-cover switching. Because seasonal water levels, beach width, and vegetation differences can affect change analyses, only images acquired during the spring (March, April, and May) were included in the wetland-change metrics (N=10). Land-cover switching was evaluated using Landsat images for successive spring image-acquisition dates: 1985–1989, 1989–1994, 1994–1999, 1999–2004, 2004-2009, 2009-2011, 2011-2013, 2013-2014, and 2014-2015. To evaluate land-cover switching, land-cover types defined by Bernier and others (2015) were reclassified as 1 (water), 3 (wetland), or 7 (non-wetland). These values were chosen so the results of subtracting two dates will create unique values for each scenario. For example, if a cell in 1994 is classified as land and in 1989 was wetland, the result (1994-1989 or 7-3) is 4. If the cell in 1994 is wetland and in 1989 was water (3-1) the result is 2. With this analysis, each two-date combination results in a raster that identifies wetland-land-water conversions, such that water-to-land is -6, wetland-to-land is -4, water-to-wetland is -2, wetland-to-water equals 2, land-to-wetland is 4, and land-to-water is 6.

Purpose:

The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the effect of coastal hazards, such as Hurricane Sandy, on the extent of coastal marshes.

Supplemental_Information:

The classification methodology and land-cover class definitions are described in Bernier and others (2015). Classified images for 1985-2014 are available in Bernier and other (2015) and classified images for 1984 and 2015 are available in this data release. Downloadable versions of the final data are provided in GeoTIFF file format with 30-meter (m) resolution.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Multiple_Dates/Times:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 19850417

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 19890428

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 19940426

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 19990510

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20040405

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20090318

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20110425

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20130414

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20140401

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20150522

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.589992
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.993823
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.327077
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.739698

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:b96c5c56-33ec-42c5-a42c-36373f1c2058

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Landsat Thematic Mapper
Theme_Keyword: Landsat Operational Land Imager
Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Sandy
Theme_Keyword: Remotely Sensed Imagery
Theme_Keyword: Land Cover Analysis
Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: geology
Theme_Keyword: multispectral imaging
Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: land use and land cover
Theme_Keyword: coastal hazards
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: time series analysis

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Common geographic areas
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: Virginia
Place_Keyword: Maryland

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information Systems (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Assateague Island
Place_Keyword: Chincoteague Bay

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Cherokee Nation Technologies contracted to the U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Steven H. Douglas

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: physical and mailing address
Address: 600 4th St S
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdouglas@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.2

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Bernier, J.C.
Originator: Douglas, S.H.
Originator: Terrano, J.F.
Originator: Barras, J.A.
Originator: Plant, N.G.
Originator: Smith, C.G.
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:

Land-cover types, shoreline positions, and sand extents derived from Landsat satellite imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1984 to 2014

Series_Information:

Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
Issue_Identification: 968

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds968

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Accuracy assessments were performed on six of the land-cover datasets for which reference aerial photography datasets from the same year were available to determine how well the classification process represents the land cover at the time of image acquisition. Using high-resolution aerial photographs from 1989, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015 as ancillary data, the land-cover class at each point was visually compared to assess if the pixel was classified correctly. The overall accuracy ranged from 86.6% (April 1989) to 92% (April 2011). Most errors of commission occurred when small tidal creeks that cannot be resolved using 30-m resolution Landsat imagery were misclassified with the surrounding wetlands. Water-level differences between Landsat image acquisition and aerial photography acquisition may also contribute to some errors of commission. The National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial photographs used to ground truth the land-cover classification were generally acquired during the summer months, rather than spring or fall, over periods ranging from days to months.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Raster values were checked for consistency with expected values.

Completeness_Report:

Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Geodetic accuracy of the Standard Terrain Correction (Level 1T) source data product used to define the land-cover classes depends on the accuracy of the ground control points and the resolution of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Publication_Date: 2016
Title: Observed Water Levels
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Silver Springs, MD
Publisher: NOAA

Online_Linkage:

https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/stations.html?type=Water+Levels

Type_of_Source_Media: digital
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 1980
Ending_Date: 2016

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA MHW
Source_Contribution:

Source information used in analysis of water level contribution to land cover change.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Land cover types were reclassified into three classes 1 (water), 3 (wetland), and 7 (non-wetland) using the reclassify tool in ArcGIS. The water classification from Bernier and others (2015) and this data release was left as water. Wet marsh, marsh, and mixed vegetation were reclassified as wetland. Forested, vegetated bare earth, and bare earth were reclassified as non-wetland land cover classes. Reclassified rasters were subtracted from one another using the raster calculator tool.

Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Steven H. Douglas
Contact_Organization:

Cherokee Nation Technologies contracted to the U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Physical and mailing
Address: 600 4th St S
City: St Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdouglas@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Daily Mean High Water (MHW) data (in meters) were exported from the NOAA tides and currents website as .csv files.

Process_Date: 2016

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20201013
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Row_Count: 2167
Column_Count: 1737

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 18
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
False_Easting: 500000.0
False_Northing: 0.0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 30.0
Ordinate_Resolution: 30.0

Planar_Distance_Units: Meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label:

04_09_wwl.tif, 09_11_wwl.tif, 11_13_wwl.tif, 13_14_wwl.tif, 14_15_wwl.tif, 85_89_wwl.tif, 89_94_wwl.tif, 94_99_wwl.tif, 99_04_wwl.tif

Entity_Type_Definition:

GeoTIFF files containing the results of land-cover change analyses (also referred to as land-cover switching). Each table associated with the raster image includes attribute information for each dataset.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: OID
Attribute_Definition:

Internal feature number. Sequential, unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 6

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Definition: Land cover change type by time step.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: -6
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: water-to-land
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: -4
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: wetland-to-land
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: -2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: water-to-wetland
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: no-change
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: wetland-to-water
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 4
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: land-to-wetland
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 6
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: land-to-water
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Count
Attribute_Definition: The number of cells per value class.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 259
Range_Domain_Maximum: 3735867
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Dimensionless

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Cherokee Nation Technologies contracted to the U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Steven Douglas

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: physical and mailing
Address: 600 4th St S
City: St Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8134
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdouglas@usgs.gov

Distribution_Liability:

Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The data have been approved for release and publication by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although the data have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from authorized or unauthorized use. Although the data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Users of the data are advised to read all metadata and associated documentation thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: GeoTIFF
Format_Version_Date: 2017

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F76T0KHH/data/landcover_switching_dataset.zip

Fees: None.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20201013
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Cherokee Nation Technologies contracted to the U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Steven H. Douglas

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: physical and mailing
Address: 600 4th St S
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdouglas@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints:

The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.

Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/landcover_switching_metadata.html>