GeoTIFF image the shaded-relief bathymetry, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity, of the sea floor of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef (2-m resolution, Mercator, WGS 84)

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Originator: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
GeoTIFF image the shaded-relief bathymetry, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity, of the sea floor of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef (2-m resolution, Mercator, WGS 84)
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7J38RFK
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J38RFK
Online_Linkage:
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/599f2ecde4b0e5eb065ec7a1
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Bradford Butman
Originator: William W. Danforth
Originator: John E. Hughes Clarke
Originator: Richard P. Signell
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Bathymetry and backscatter intensity of the sea floor of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef, offshore of New York
Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7J38RFK
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
Suggested citation: Butman, Bradford, Danforth, W.W., Clarke, J.E.H., and Signell, R.P., 2017, Bathymetry and backscatter intensity of the sea floor of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef, offshore of New York: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J38RFK.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J38RFK
Description:
Abstract:
The Atlantic Beach artificial reef, located on the sea floor 3 nautical miles south of Atlantic Beach, New York in about 20 meters water depth, was built to create habitat for marine life. The reef was originally created by placing heavy materials such as tires, automobile bodies and other vehicles, barges, and rock from a dredging project on the sea floor. In 2000, the U.S. Geological Survey surveyed the area using a Simrad EM1000 multibeam echosounder mounted on the Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) ship Frederick G. Creed. The purpose of this multibeam survey, done in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers when the Creed was in the New York region in April 2000, was to map the bathymetry and backscatter intensity of the sea floor in the area of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef. The data from this survey are bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and navigation trackline.
Purpose:
The GeoTIFF image of shaded-relief bathymetry, pseudocolored colored by backscatter intensity, provides a visualization of both bathymetry and backscatter intensity. The shaded-relief image was created by vertically exaggerating the bathymetry four times and then artificially illuminating the relief from the east by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon. The illumination from the east, approximately parallel to the survey lines, minimizes artifacts caused by small depth changes that may occur between lines. The backscatter intensity is represented by a suite of eight colors ranging from blue (low intensity) to green to yellow to red (high intensity).
Supplemental_Information:
Other datasets from the 2000 survey of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef may be found in Butman and others (2017) (see larger work citation). More information on the field activity that collected these data, see the field activity page https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2000-015-FA.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20000420
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.741679
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.691746
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.543342
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.523364
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:599f2ecde4b0e5eb065ec7a1
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: backscatter intensity
Theme_Keyword: shaded-relief bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF image
Theme_Keyword: multibeam
Theme_Keyword: sea floor mapping
Theme_Keyword: Simrad EM1000
Theme_Keyword: Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) ship Frederick G. Creed
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC field activity 2000-015-FA
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC)
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
Theme_Keyword: USACE New York District
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP)
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
Theme_Keyword: Canadian Hydrographic Service
Theme_Keyword: University of New Brunswick
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: sea-floor acoustic reflectivity
Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics
Theme_Keyword: multibeam sonar
Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Beach artificial reef
Place_Keyword: New York Bight
Place_Keyword: Middle Atlantic Bight
Place_Keyword: mid-Atlantic Bight
Place_Keyword: New Jersey
Place_Keyword: New York
Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Ocean
Stratum:
Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Stratum_Keyword: sea floor
Stratum_Keyword: seafloor
Temporal:
Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Temporal_Keyword: 2000
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation purposes.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Bradford Butman
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x 2212
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bbutman@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name:
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/599f2ecde4b0e5eb065ec7a1?name=abreef_srback2m_browsegraphic.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Browse graphic of the shaded-relief bathymetry, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity, of the sea floor of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef,
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Artificial reef locations
Online_Linkage: http://www.dec.ny.gov/outdoor/71702.html
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
All data were processed in the same manner. Some features in the multibeam data are artifacts of data collection and environmental conditions. They include small highs and lows and unnatural-looking features, and patterns oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey tracklines. The orientation of tracklines is sometimes identified by parallel stripes in the image. Line 2061 is about 800 m short on the eastern end which results in a strip of no data between adjacent lines 2059 and 2063.
Completeness_Report:
All data from the multibeam survey of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef are included in the mosaic. There are a few gaps in the image due to incomplete coverage by the multibeam system in either backscatter intensity or bathymetry.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
These data were navigated with a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS); they are accurate to +/- 3 meters, horizontally.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Canadian Hydrographic Service
Originator: William W. Danforth
Originator: John E. Hughes Clarke
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: Raw multibeam data
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20000420
Ending_Date: 20000420
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw multibeam data
Source_Contribution:
The multibeam data were collected with a Simrad EM1000 multibeam echosounder mounted on the Canadian Coast Guard ship Frederick G. Creed. The multibeam system utilizes 60 electronically-aimed receive beams spaced at intervals of 2.5 degrees that insonify a strip of sea floor up to 7.5 times the water depth. The horizontal resolution of the beam on the sea floor is approximately 10 % of the water depth. Vertical resolution is approximately 1 % of the water depth. Data were collected along tracklines spaced 5-7 times the water depth apart at a speed of 10-14 knots. The Atlantic Beach artificial reef area was surveyed in a Zamboni pattern (for efficient turns at high speed) with lines running east-west. The Zamboni pattern yields blocks of eastward-run lines adjacent to blocks of westward-run lines. The frequency of the sonar was 95 kHz. Sound velocity profiles were obtained and input into the Simrad processing system to correct for refraction. Navigation was by means of differential GPS. Operation of the Simrad EM1000 was carried out by hydrographers of the Canadian Hydrographic Service. The data were collected on Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activity 2000-015-FA (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2000-015-FA).
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
A suite of processing software, called SwathEd, developed by the Ocean Mapping Group at the University of New Brunswick (UNB), Canada, was used to process and grid the multibeam data and to produce images. The metadata for the grid (see larger work citation) describes the processing steps applied to the navigation and bathymetric soundings. The following processing steps produced the shaded-relief image of bathymetry, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity, for the Atlantic Beach reef data:
1. Create backscatter files that can be then mosaicked from the backscatter time series:
Command line: getBeamPattern filename (prefix only) Command line: makess -pixel 1.0 -beam_patt beampatt filename (prefix only) output.ss Command line: glfill output.ss output.ss_fill (fills in data dropouts).
2. Mosaic all the backscatter files created in the last step (for each output.ss_fill), and then use a two point linear contrast stretch to enhance the backscatter image.
Command line: mos2 -autoseam -maxazi 10 -maxdist 10 mosaic_file output.ss_fill Command line: stretchacres -low 180 -high 220 -in mosaic_file -out mosaic_file.stretch
Stretches image from 0-254; 255 no data.
3. Create a shaded-relief image of the bathymetry using SwathEd routine addSUN (sun elevation of 45 degrees from an azimuth of 90 degrees, vertically exaggerating four times). The illumination from the east, approximately parallel to the survey lines, minimizes artifacts caused by small depth changes that may occur between lines.
Command line: addSUN -elev 45 -azi 90 -vert_exag 4.0 gridFile.r4 filename.shade
Process_Date: 2010
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: William W. Danforth
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2274
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bdanforth@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Use a two-point linear contrast stretch (0-254; 255 no data) to enhance the shaded-relief image:
Command line: stretchacres -low 150 -high 200 -in filename.shade -out filename_shade.stretch
Create an image of shaded-relief topography, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity:
Command line: mix_ci -c mosaic_file.stretch -i filename_shade.stretch -m mosaic_file.pseudo
Create a TIFF image from the pseudocolored backscatter mosaic file using the netpbm utilities (http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/):
Command line: rawtopgm -headerskip 1024 image_width image_height mosaic_file.pseudo | pnmtotiff -none - > mosaic_pseudo.tif
Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: William W. Danforth
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2274
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bdanforth@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Create an TIFF world file (tfw) for the pseudocolored backscatter intensity image for import to ArcGIS. Copy bounding box and resolution information from the jview program output to the .tfw file.
Command line: jview mosaic_file.pseudo
Process_Date: 2010
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: William W. Danforth
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2274
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bdanforth@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Import image into Photoshop and convert from an 8-bit image to a 3-band 24-bit RGB image. This improves quality of image when viewed in ArcMap at large scale.
Process_Date: 2010
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: William W. Danforth
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2274
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bdanforth@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Create GeoTIFF from TIFF image and world file using the Define Projection Tool in Data Management Tools, Projections and Transformations in ArcToolbox 9.3. Projection is custom Mercator, central meridian of -75.0 degrees, latitude of true scale 40.0 degrees north, false easting 0.0, false northing 0.0; Geographic Coordinate System WGS 1984.
Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Bradford Butman
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x 2212
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bbutman@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
Process_Date: 20200807
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 1118
Column_Count: 2132
Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Mercator
Mercator:
Standard_Parallel: 40.000000
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000
False_Easting: 0.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 2.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 2.000000
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The backscatter intensity is combined with the topography to display the distribution of intensity in relation to the topography. In the image shown here, the backscatter intensity is represented by a suite of eight colors ranging from blue (low intensity) to green to yellow to red (high intensity). These data are draped over a shaded-relief image created by vertically exaggerating the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from 90 degrees. The resulting image displays light and dark intensities within each color band that result from a feature's position with respect to the light source. For example, east-facing slopes, receiving strong illumination, show as a light intensity within a color band, whereas west-facing slopes, being in shadow, show as a dark intensity within a color band. The backscatter data have a striping that runs parallel to the ship trackline. Image is 3-band, 24-bit R, G, B; (255,255,255) is no data.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Federal Center
Address: Building 810
Address: Mail Stop 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Resource_Description:
abreef_srback2m.zip: contains the image of shaded-relief bathymetry pseudocolored by backscatter intensity (abreef_srback2m.tif), world file for image (abreef_srback2m.tfw), browse graphic (abreef_srback2m_browsegraphic.jpg), and associated FGDC-compliant metadata (CSDGM format).
Distribution_Liability:
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the U.S. Geological Survey, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: GeoTIFF
Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.3
Format_Specification: GeoTIFF image
Format_Information_Content:
GeoTIFF image of shaded-relief bathymetry, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity, from a multibeam survey of the Atlantic Beach artificial reef compressed in a zip file.
File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive
Transfer_Size: 2.3
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name:
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/599f2ecde4b0e5eb065ec7a1
Network_Resource_Name:
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/599f2ecde4b0e5eb065ec7a1?name=abreef_srback2m.zip
Network_Resource_Name:
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/599f2ecde4b0e5eb065ec7a1
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J38RFK
Access_Instructions:
The network resources offer the options of downloading all the files, individual files, accessing the landing page of the data, or accessing the main landing page of the data release.
Fees: none
Technical_Prerequisites:
The GeoTIFF image of shaded-relief bathymetry, pseudocolored by backscatter intensity, and associated metadata from the Atlantic Beach artificial reef survey are available in a zip file (abreef_srback2m.zip). To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and GIS software capable of displaying a GeoTIFF image.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20240319
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Bradford Butman
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2212
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319)
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_F7J38RFK/abreef_srback2m.tif_meta.html>
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