High-resolution orthomosaic image (natural color) of Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016 (32-bit GeoTIFF)

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant
Originator: Erika E. Lentz
Originator: E. Robert Thieler
Originator: David P. Remsen
Originator: Simon Miner
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:

High-resolution orthomosaic image (natural color) of Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016 (32-bit GeoTIFF)

Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7KW5F04

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Other_Citation_Details:

The first link is to the publication landing page. The second link is to the page containing the data.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant
Originator: E. Robert Thieler
Originator: Erika E. Lentz
Originator: David P. Remsen
Originator: Simon Miner
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:

Topographic, imagery, and raw data associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016

Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7KW5F04

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested citation: Sturdivant, E.J., Thieler, E.R., Lentz, E.E., Remsen, D.P., and Miner, Simon, 2017, Topographic, imagery, and raw data associated with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59a05400e4b038630d030442

Description:

Abstract:

Imagery acquired with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and coupled with structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry can produce high-resolution topographic and visual reflectance datasets that rival or exceed lidar and orthoimagery. These new techniques are particularly useful for data collection of coastal systems, which requires high temporal and spatial resolution datasets. The U.S. Geological Survey worked in collaboration with members of the Marine Biological Laboratory and Woods Hole Analytics at Black Beach, in Falmouth, Massachusetts to explore scientific research demands on UAS technology for topographic and habitat mapping applications. This project explored the application of consumer-grade UAS platforms as a cost-effective alternative to lidar and aerial/satellite imagery to support coastal studies requiring high-resolution elevation or remote sensing data. A small UAS was used to capture low-altitude photographs and GPS devices were used to survey reference points. These data were processed in an SfM workflow to create an elevation point cloud, an orthomosaic image, and a digital elevation model.

Purpose:

The orthomosaic image provides the optical surface reflectance of the land surface at a mid-day low-tide on 18 March, 2016. It was one of three products created to demonstrate the use of structure-from-motion for coastal research and to provide a means to test land cover classification from high-resolution imagery. An orthomosaic is distinct from an orthophoto mosaic in that it corrects for camera lens distortion and preserves distances. Thus, an orthomosaic simulates a photo in which every pixel in the scene was captured at nadir.

Supplemental_Information:

For more information regarding field activity 2016-010-FA, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-010-FA.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20160318

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.643977
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.639736
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.587071
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.582607

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: CMGP
Theme_Keyword: Gridded Data
Theme_Keyword: aerial images
Theme_Keyword: unmanned aerial system
Theme_Keyword: UAS
Theme_Keyword: drone
Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2016-010-FA
Theme_Keyword: Airborne imagery
Theme_Keyword: Airborne high resolution data
Theme_Keyword: Digital aerial imagery
Theme_Keyword: Three band image mosaic
Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF
Theme_Keyword: DJI Phantom 3
Theme_Keyword: Orthoimagery
Theme_Keyword: Natural color

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: aerial photography
Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Place_Keyword: Cape Cod
Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
Place_Keyword: Black Beach
Place_Keyword: Great Sippewissett Inlet
Place_Keyword: Great Sippewissett Marsh
Place_Keyword: Buzzards Bay
Place_Keyword: Falmouth

Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:

Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Country: USA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60/?name=bb20160318_sfm_orthomosaic_browse.png

Browse_Graphic_File_Description:

Natural color image generated from photogrammetry and low-altitude aerial images obtained with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2016.

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG

Data_Set_Credit:

Acknowledgment of the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Agisoft
Publication_Date: 2015
Title: Agisoft Photoscan User Manual: Professional Edition
Series_Information:

Series_Name: manual
Issue_Identification: Version 1.2

Online_Linkage: http://www.agisoft.com/pdf/photoscan-pro_1_2_en.pdf

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

The point cloud used to construct this dataset was checked for accuracy by rotating the point cloud to view from multiple angles. Points obviously offset above or beneath the surface were eliminated prior to constructing the orthomosaic image.

Completeness_Report:

All 250 images were used to create the orthomosaic. It was constructed from the dense point cloud after manually eliminating any points that visually appeared isolated from the landscape surface.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Horizontal accuracy of the orthomosaic was not assessed. The error of the source point cloud was estimated as the quadrature sum of error terms estimated during SfM processing based on GCP error and camera parameters. We estimate 0.057 m of uncertainty in horizontal positions of points in the dense point cloud.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

A DJI Phantom 3 Professional quadcopter collected 250 photographs using a Sony EXMOR 1/2.3" sensor. The quadcopter flew at 35 m over Black Beach and the inlet to Great Sippewissett Marsh, Falmouth, Massachusetts at low tide between 1100 and 1130 local time (EDT). Images were collected along with surveyed ground control points to be processed with SfM algorithms to calculate topography of the coastal area (see larger work). Data collection included the RTK GNSS survey, of 18 ground control points and 254 reference points, which were used to assess the accuracy of the elevation model.

Process_Date: 20160318
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U. S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: U.S.A.

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The following process was used to generate the orthomosaic image from an elevation point cloud from low-altitude aerial imagery from UAS flights over Black Beach, Falmouth, Massachusetts on 18 March 2017 (see larger work). The 18 March survey included the collection of 254 reference points with RTK GPS, which were used to assess the accuracy of the elevation model. The processing was performed using Agisoft Photoscan Professional v. 1.2.6 build 2834 (64 bit) software. The computer was a Mac Pro running OS X 10.11.6 with 8-Core Intel Xeon E5 CPUs running at 3 GHz with 128 GB RAM.
To create the orthomosaic, PhotoScan first converts the topographic points to a 3-D mesh surface and then projects the orthomosaic over the mesh at the resolution of the original photos. In PhotoScan’s mosaic blending mode, pixels are weighted based on their distance from the center of the photo; pixels nearest to the center of a photo are more influential to the RGB values of the corresponding pixel in the output image (Agisoft 2015). An orthomosaic is distinct from an orthophoto mosaic in that it corrects for camera lens distortion and preserves distances. Thus, an orthomosaic simulates a photo in which every pixel in the scene was captured at nadir (https://support.pix4d.com/hc/en-us/articles/202558869-Photo-Stitching-vs-Orthomosaic-Generation#gsc.tab=0; http://www.germap.com/en/uav_services/orthoimage.html).

Process_Date: 20160330
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U. S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: U.S.A.

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esturdivant@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20200807
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference:

Black Beach and portions of Great Sippewissett Marsh, Falmouth, MA.

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: pixel
Row_Count: 19749
Column_Count: 13902

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.00000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000
False_Easting: 500000.0000
False_Northing: 0.0000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.025
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.025

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

Pixels with a value of 0 in all bands are areas with missing data.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Three-band raster imagery
Entity_Type_Definition:

Pixel based raster matrix with 3 layers of information for each pixel.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Other

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Band_1
Attribute_Definition: Red band. Red wavelength bracket (0.610-0.660 microns)
Attribute_Definition_Source: Agisoft Photoscan
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 232

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Band_2
Attribute_Definition: Green band. Green wavelength bracket (0.535-0.585 microns)
Attribute_Definition_Source: Agisoft Photoscan
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 241

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Band_3
Attribute_Definition: Blue band. Blue wavelength bracket (0.430-0.490 microns)
Attribute_Definition_Source: Agisoft Photoscan
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 248

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Band_4
Attribute_Definition: Blank.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Agisoft Photoscan
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

There is a single GeoTIFF file containing the 3-band orthomosaic. A browse graphic and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format are also available for download.

Distribution_Liability:

Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, the USGS, the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole Analytics, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: GeoTIFF
Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.3
Format_Specification: 32-bit GeoTIFF
Format_Information_Content:

An 8-bit GeoTIFF with LZW compression, associated GeoTIFF components, a browse thumbnail .png image, and FGDC CSDGM metadata.

File_Decompression_Technique: LZW compression.
Transfer_Size: 872

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60?facet=bb20160318_sfm_orthomosaic

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04

Access_Instructions:

The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download all contents of the data webpage, including the preview image, as a zipped file. The third link is a direct link to download a zipped file with the data and metadata. And the final link is to the publication landing page.

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: WCS
Format_Information_Content:

Black Beach 32-bit GeoTIFF orthomosaic image provided through a WCS (web coverage service).

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60?service=wcs&request=getcapabilities&version=1.0.0

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04

Access_Instructions:

The first link in the network resources accesses the data through a coverage service. The second is to the page containing the data. And the final link is to the publication landing page.

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: WMS
Format_Information_Content:

Black Beach 32-bit GeoTIFF orthomosaic image provided through a WMS (web mapping service).

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60?service=wms&request=getcapabilities&version=1.3.0

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59b00efbe4b020cdf7d4db60

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5F04

Access_Instructions:

The first link in the network resources accesses the data through a mapping service. The second is to the page containing the data. And the final link is to the publication landing page.

Fees: none

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20211119
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U. S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: Emily J. Sturdivant

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2230
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:

The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid.

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_F7KW5F04/bb20160318_sfm_orthomosaic_meta.html>