Online Links:
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 172 |
Maximum: | 178 |
Units: | day number within current year |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 6/21/2014 |
Maximum: | 6/27/2014 |
Units: | month/day/year |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 30 |
Maximum: | 86340 |
Units: | seconds |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 78.20683 |
Maximum: | 78.76130 |
Units: | decimal degrees north |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 5.20419 |
Maximum: | 10.82283 |
Units: | decimal degrees east |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0. |
Maximum: | 10.8 |
Units: | knots |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.7 |
Maximum: | 11.8 |
Units: | meters per second |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 78.2068 |
Maximum: | 78.7613 |
Units: | decimal degrees north |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 5.2033 |
Maximum: | 10.8232 |
Units: | decimal degrees east |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1.01 |
Maximum: | 1.03 |
Units: | atmospheres of pressure |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -1.2 |
Maximum: | 9.5 |
Units: | degrees C |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1.90 |
Maximum: | 11.13 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 2.01 |
Maximum: | 11.26 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 201.80 |
Maximum: | 415.51 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -7.9 |
Maximum: | 2.5 |
Units: | per mil |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -57.5 |
Maximum: | -46.0 |
Units: | per mil |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.014 |
Maximum: | 0.054 |
Units: | percentage |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1.95 |
Maximum: | 11.33 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -1.36 |
Maximum: | 12.20 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1.86 |
Maximum: | 11.66 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 210.62 |
Maximum: | 436.26 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -51.0 |
Maximum: | -39.2 |
Units: | per mil |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -11.9 |
Maximum: | -0.7 |
Units: | per mil |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1.84 |
Maximum: | 1.98 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 379.87 |
Maximum: | 701.83 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1.86 |
Maximum: | 2.00 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 391.88 |
Maximum: | 724.08 |
Units: | parts per million |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.18 |
Maximum: | 0.36 |
Units: | percentage |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 3.31 |
Maximum: | 6.57 |
Units: | degrees C |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 33.8 |
Maximum: | 34.8 |
Units: | practical salinity units (psu) |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 8.00 |
Maximum: | 8.36 |
Units: | pH units |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 9.83 |
Maximum: | 12.69 |
Units: | milligram per liter |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 98.27 |
Maximum: | 126.24 |
Units: | percentage of saturation |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -1.58 |
Maximum: | -0.96 |
Units: | quinine sulfate units (QSU), where 1 QSU = 1 part per billion of quinine sulfate, which has fluorescence properties similar to that of organic matter; no data value 999 (not used in calculations) |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 2.69 |
Maximum: | 6.31 |
Units: | degrees C |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.03590 |
Maximum: | 0.04094 |
Units: | dimensionless |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -0.4 |
Maximum: | 522.9 |
Units: | percentage |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 1406.23 |
Maximum: | 1739.62 |
Units: | dimensionless |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.02 |
Maximum: | 5.37 |
Units: | meters per day |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 3.00 |
Maximum: | 3.45 |
Units: | nanomoles per liter |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -0.027 |
Maximum: | 31.928 |
Units: | micromole methane per square meter per day |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -4.0e-04 |
Maximum: | 5.1e-01 |
Units: | milligram of methane per square meter per day |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 3.19 |
Maximum: | 20.44 |
Units: | nanomolar |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.0430 |
Maximum: | 0.0574 |
Units: | dimensionless |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | 0.20 |
Maximum: | 54.45 |
Units: | dimensionless |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -113.80 |
Maximum: | 3.92 |
Units: | millimoles of carbon dioxide per square meter per day, using corrected carbon dioxide concentration value in air; no data value 999 corresponds to intervals when air CO2 values were set to 999 because they were out of range (e.g., in the smokestack emissions) |
Range of values | |
---|---|
Minimum: | -100.97 |
Maximum: | 4.73 |
Units: | millimole of carbon dioxide per square meter per day, using an assumed carbon dioxide concentration in air of 407 parts per million |
Data acquisition partially sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through USGS-DOE interagency agreements DE-FE0002911 and DE-FE0005806. The Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE) at University of Tromso, as well as the Research Council of Norway, provided access to the R/V Helmer Hanssen for this cruise and also contributed navigation and other shipborne data.
The data were collected at shallow and deepwater seeps and in background (no seep) areas on the West Spitsbergen margin for the purpose of determining the rate of methane and carbon dioxide exchange (flux) across the sea-air interface. Determining sea-air gas fluxes requires combining various datasets in space and time. This analysis uses the ship's navigational parameters, a hull-mounted seawater temperature sensor, and wind speed sensors; an Airmar PB200 weather station to provide a check on the ship's navigational parameters and record air temperature; two Picarro cavity ring-down spectrometers that measure the concentration of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in (dried) samples of headspace gas obtained from near-surface seawater and in samples of air within the atmospheric marine boundary layer; and a YSI EXO2 sonde that measure physical and chemical parameters for the near-surface seawater pumped into the lab. The dataset also reports on the stable carbon (δ13C) isotopic composition of methane and carbon dioxide in the near-surface waters as measured by one of the Picarro cavity ring-down spectrometers. Such isotopic data can be used to infer the processes that led to the formation of methane and carbon dioxide (for example, microbial processes). The data have been combined, gridded at 30 second intervals and edited to remove periods when the instruments were being calibrated with lab standards or when data streams were disrupted. This results in non-continuous shiptracks and non-continuous times in the file. Once edited, the data were used to calculate a variety of values related to sea-air gas flux, including the saturation anomaly for methane in near-surface waters, sea-air flux of methane and carbon dioxide expressed in a variety of units, and various intermediate constants (Schmidt number, Ostwald coefficient) needed for sea-air flux calculations.
Online Links:
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Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?Access_Constraints: None.
Use_Constraints:None. Users are advised to read the data set's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Data format: | CSV file containing the data. in format CSV (version Excel 2013) Comma-Separated Values |
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Network links: |
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/58cc3750e4b0849ce97dcec5 https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M906V0 |
Data format: | Excel spreadsheet containing the data. in format XLSX (version Excel 2013) Excel spreadsheet |
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Network links: |
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/58cc3750e4b0849ce97dcec5 https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M906V0 |