Physiographic Zones of the Sea Floor offshore of western and southern Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket, Massachusetts

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   U.S. Geological Survey, 2018, Physiographic Zones of the Sea Floor offshore of western and southern Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket, Massachusetts: data release DOI:10.5066/P9E9EFNE, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E9EFNE
   • https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5bfd6055e4b0815414ca39d9

   This is part of the following larger work.
   Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Baldwin, Wayne E., Foster, David S., Ackerman, Seth D., Andrews, Brian D., Brothers, Laura L., and Schwab, William C., 2018, Geospatial data layers of shallow geology, sea-floor texture, and physiographic zones from the inner continental shelf of Martha's Vineyard from Aquinnah to Wasque Point, and Nantucket from Eel Point to Great Point: data release DOI:10.5066/P9E9EFNE, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E9EFNE
   • https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5afee3bfe4b0da30c1bfbd28

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Suggested citation: Pendleton, E.A., Baldwin, W.E., Foster, D.F., Ackerman, S.D., Andrews, B.D, Brothers, L.L., and Schwab, W.C., 2018, Geospatial data layers of shallow geology, sea-floor texture, and physiographic zones from the inner continental shelf of Martha's Vineyard from Aquinnah to Wasque Point, and Nantucket from Eel Point to Great Point: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E9EFNE.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.8627
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.0341
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.3894
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.1958
   

3. What does it look like?

   https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5bfd6055e4b0815414ca39d9/?name=MV_ACK_physiozone_browse.png (PNG)

   Image of the physiographic zone shapefile for offshore of western and southern Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket. The browse graphic is derived from the companion OFR (Pendleton and others, 2018).

4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 09-Aug-2007

   Ending_Date: 11-Jun-2013

   Currentness_Reference:

   ground condition of the source data used for the interpretation

5. What is the general form of this data set?

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • G-polygon (184)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0197427722. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0261514554. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal seconds. The horizontal datum used is WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
      
7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   MV_ACK_physiozone.shp

   Physiographic zones shapefile (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   FID

   Internal feature number. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

   Shape

   Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.

   Confidence

   Each interpreted polygon was assigned an interpretation confidence value from 1-2 (more to less confident) on the basis of the quality and number of input data sources. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Value	Definition
   1	Physiographic zones that were defined on the basis of the highest resolution bathymetry (10m) and backscatter (1m), bottom photos, sediment samples, and seismic interpretations were given the highest data interpretation confidence value of 1.
   2	Physiographic zones that were defined on the basis of the highest resolution bathymetry (10m) and/or lidar bathymetry, possibly bottom photos, possibly sediment samples, but no acoustic backscatter or seismic interpretations were given the data interpretation confidence value of 2.

   PhysioZo_1

   Based on geologic maps produced for the Western Gulf of Maine (Kelley and others, 1996), the sea floor within the study area can be divided into geologic environments, or physiographic zones, which are delineated from sea-floor morphology and the dominant texture of surficial material. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Value	Definition
   Rocky Zone	Rocky zones are rugged areas of high bathymetric relief, characterized by fields of mounded boulders and cobble near the terminal moraines, to relatively flat, gravel-covered, and isolated till highs. Although boulders and coarse-grained sediment are found within most physiographic zones defined here, they dominate the sea floor in rocky zones.
   Shelf Valleys	Shelf valleys are elongate depressions that extend offshore, often perpendicular to the trend of the coastline, and slope gently seaward.
   Nearshore Ramp	Nearshore ramps are areas of gently sloping sea floor with generally shore-parallel bathymetric contours. This zone is covered by primarily sandy sediment, though patches of cobbles and boulders crop out on the sea floor in places. Nearshore ramps are typically adjacent to arcuate shoreline areas and grade into deeper-water.
   Ebb Tidal Delta	Ebb-tidal deltas are lobate sandy shoals found on the side of inlets that form through the interaction of waves and ebbing tidal currents. Ebb-tidal delta zones in the study area are located near Muskeget Channel
   Hard-Bottom Plains	Hard-bottom plains are mostly low-relief but rough zones of sea floor composed primarily of coarse sands and gravels that are situated adjacent and between the shoal/sand wave zones in the sounds.
   Coastal Embayment	Coastal embayments include small bays and harbors in the vicinity of Nantucket.
   Shell Zones	Shell zones are areas that are nearly completely covered by carbonate shells. Portions of sea floor north of Nantucket Sound were mapped where high densities of slipper shells (Crepidula fornicata) cover the sea floor. Despite high acoustic backscatter in sidescan-sonar data, sediment samples recovered primarily muddy sediments beneath the shells.
   Shoal - Sand Waves	Shoal/sand wave areas are sea-floor zones dominated by linear to sinuous, high relief bedforms primarily composed of sandy sediments that have been reworked from adjacent glacial deposits by energetic waves and tidal currents. The largest shoal extends between Aquinnah and Nomans.

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • U.S. Geological Survey
2. Who also contributed to the data set?
3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   Elizabeth A. Pendleton

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Geologist

   384 Woods Hole Rd.

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   USA

   508-548-8700 x2226 (voice)

   508-457-2310 (FAX)

   ependleton@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

   Denny and others, 2009 (source 1 of 5)

   Denny, J.F., Danforth, W.W., Foster, D.S., and Sherwood, C.R., 2009, Geophysical data collected off the south shore of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2008-1288, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1288/

   Type_of_Source_Media: online
   Source_Contribution:

   This report provided source geophysical data (sidescan-sonar, bathymetry, and seismic-reflection profiles) for the area south of Martha's Vineyard surrounding the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory. The 2007 mapping was conducted on the M/V Megan T. Miller. High-resolution chirp seismic-reflection profiles were collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2007-011-FA using an EdgeTech Geo-Star full spectrum sub-bottom (FSSB) system and SB-0512i towfish. Thorough descriptions of acquisition and processing parameters for the survey are provided by Denny and others (2009) in the report and seismic-reflection metadata. Shallow geologic framework and surficial geology were interpreted from post-processed chirp seismic-reflection profiles.

   Andrews and others, 2014 (source 2 of 5)

   Andrews, B.D., Ackerman, S.D., Baldwin, W.E., Foster, D.S., and Schwab, W.C., 2014, High-Resolution Geophysical Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2012-1006, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1006/

   Type_of_Source_Media: online
   Source_Contribution:

   This report provided source geophysical data (sidescan, bathymetry, and seismic-reflection profiles) for the study area on the western side of Martha's Vineyard. The 2011 mapping was conducted on the R/V Scarlett Isabella during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2011-004-FA. Chirp seismic-reflection data were collected using an EdgeTech Geo-Star FSSB subbottom profiling system and an SB-0512i towfish. Thorough descriptions of acquisition and processing parameters for each survey are provided by Andrews and others (2014) in the methods section and seismic-reflection metadata. Shallow geologic framework was interpreted from post-processed chirp seismic-reflection profiles

   Ackerman and others, 2016 (source 3 of 5)

   Ackerman, S.D., L.L., Brothers, Foster, D.S., B.D., Andrews, W.E., Baldwin, and W.C., Schwab, 2016, High-Resolution Geophysical Data From the Inner Continental Shelf: South of Martha's Vineyard and North of Nantucket, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2016-1168, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1168/
   • https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161168

   Type_of_Source_Media: online
   Source_Contribution:

   This report provided source geophysical data (sidescan, bathymetry, and seismic-reflection profiles) for the majority of this study including offshore of southern Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket. These areas were surveyed on the Scarlett Isabella in 2013 during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2013-003-FA. Seismic-reflection data were collected using an EdgeTech Geo-Star FSSB subbottom profiling system and an SB-0512i towfish. Thorough descriptions of acquisition and processing parameters for each survey are provided by Ackerman and others (2016) in the methods section and seismic-reflection metadata. Shallow geologic framework and surficial geology were interpreted from post-processed chirp seismic-reflection profiles.

   Andrews and others, 2018 (source 4 of 5)

   Andrews, Brian, Baldwin, Wayne, Sampson, Daniel, and Schwab, William, 2018, Continuous Bathymetry and Elevation Models of the Massachusetts Coastal Zone and Continental Shelf: data release DOI:10.5066/F72806T7, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/f72806t7

   Type_of_Source_Media: online
   Source_Contribution:

   This report provided source bathymetry for the study area including offshore of southern Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket. Thorough descriptions of the merging and processing parameters are provided by Andrews and others (2018) in the metadata.

   CZM sample database (source 5 of 5)

   Ford, K.H., Huntley, E.C., Sampson, D.W., and Voss, S., Unpublished Material, Massachusetts Sediment Database.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   This sample database has been compiled and vetted from existing samples and datasets by the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management. The data are currently unpublished, but may be acquired by contacting the CZM office: 251 Causeway St Boston, MA 02114 (617) 626-1000 czm@state.ma.us

   Type_of_Source_Media: digital vector
   Source_Contribution:

   Sediment sample databases of Ford and Voss (2010) and McMullen and others (2011) were combined then edited and supplemented with NOAA chart sampling data and bottom photos and descriptions by a group of GIS specialists at the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (Emily Huntley, personal communication). These data contained sediment laboratory statistics when available, visual descriptions if sediment analysis was not performed or if the site was a bottom photograph, and classification fields of Barnhardt and others (1998), Shepard (1954), and Wentworth (1922) as well as average sediment statistics and phi size, when laboratory analysis was conducted.

2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 2017 (process 1 of 4)

   Sea floor physiographic zones were qualitatively defined in ArcGIS, following the criteria defined by Kelley and others (1996), primarily on the basis of acoustic backscatter, bathymetrically derived slope and roughness, surficial geologic interpretations from seismic-reflection data, and textural information from bottom photographs and sediment samples. The interpretation was initiated by creating a new polygon feature class in an ArcMap 10.5 file geodatabase based on the extent of the regional bathymetric DEM (Andrews and others, 2018, and clipped to the extent of this study area). New fields called 'Confidence' and 'PhysioZo_1' were created in the attribute table. The polygon was then partitioned into multiple physiographic zone polygons using 'cut polygon' and 'auto-complete polygon' in an edit session. As each new polygon area was created, the 'PhysioZo_1' attribute field was populated with the appropriate physiographic zone label. In general, polygon editing was done at scales between 1:8,000 and 1:25,000, depending on the size of the interpreted zone and the resolution of the source data. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   Elizabeth Pendleton

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Geologist

   384 Woods Hole Rd.

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   USA

   508-548-8700 x2259 (voice)

   508-457-2310 (FAX)

   ependleton@usgs.gov

   Data sources used in this process:

   • All source geophysical data and sediment texture analysis data

   Date: 2017 (process 2 of 4)

   The polygon feature class containing the physiographic zone units was assigned topology rules, (i.e. no gaps and no overlaps). Topology errors were identified and remedied using the topology toolbar in ArcMap (10.5). Finally, the physiographic zones were exported from the geodatabase as a shapefile Person who carried out this activity:
   

   Elizabeth Pendleton

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Geologist

   384 Woods Hole Rd.

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   USA

   508-548-8700 x2259 (voice)

   508-457-2310 (FAX)

   ependleton@usgs.gov

   Data sources used in this process:

   • polygon shapefile containing the physiographic zone units

   Date: 2017 (process 3 of 4)

   The physiographic zone polygon feature class was exported to a shapefile and the 'Shape_Area' and 'Shape_Length' fields were deleted from its attribute table (ArcCatalog and ArcMap 9.3.1). Finally, the shapefile was reprojected from UTM zone 19 N, WGS84 to GCS WGS84 using ArcToolbox > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Feature > Project. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   Elizabeth Pendleton

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Geologist

   384 Woods Hole Rd.

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   USA

   508-548-8700 x2259 (voice)

   508-457-2310 (FAX)

   ependleton@usgs.gov

   Data sources used in this process:

   • physiographic zone polygon feature class

   Date: 07-Aug-2020 (process 4 of 4)

   Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross

   Marine Geologist

   384 Woods Hole Road

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)

   508-457-2310 (FAX)

   vatnipp@usgs.gov

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
   Kelley, J.T., Barnhardt, W.A., Belknap, D.F., Dickson, S.M., and Kelley, A.R., 1998, The Seafloor Revealed: The Geology of the Northwestern Gulf of Maine Inner Continental Shelf: Maine Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-6, Maine Geological Survey, Natural Resources Information and Mapping Center, Augusta, Maine.

   Online Links:

   • https://www.maine.gov/dacf/mgs/explore/marine/seafloor/contents.htm

   Barnhardt, W.A., Kelley, J.T., Dickson, S.M., and Belknap, D.F., 1998, Mapping the Gulf of Maine with Side-scan Sonar: a New Bottom-type Classification for Complex Seafloors: Journal of Coastal Research 14(2), Coastal Education and Research Foundation, Inc., Royal Palm Beach, FL.

   McMullen, K.Y., Paskevich, V.F., and Poppe, L.J., 2012, GIS data catalog (version 2.2), in Poppe, L.J., Williams, S.J., and Paskevich, V.F., eds., 2005, USGS East-coast Sediment Analysis: Procedures, Database, and GIS Data: Open-File Report 2005-1001, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1001/

   Ford, K.H., and Voss, S.E, 2010, Seafloor Sediment Composition in Massachusetts Determined Using Point Data: Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries Technical Report TR-45, Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, New Bedford, MA.

   Online Links:

   • http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dfg/dmf/publications/tr-45.pdf

   U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, Geologic Mapping of the Massachusetts Sea Floor: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

   Online Links:

   • https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Geologic mapping of the Massachusetts inner continental shelf is a cooperative effort that was initiated in 2003 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA-NOS) is also an important partner and contributes hydrographic data that are integrated into the maps. The overall goal of this cooperative is to determine the geologic framework of the sea floor inside the 3-mile limit of State waters, using high-resolution geophysical techniques, sediment sampling, and sea-floor photography.

   Baldwin, Wayne E., Foster, David S., Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Barnhardt, Walter A., Schwab, William C., Andrews, Brian D., and Ackerman, Seth, 2016, Shallow geology, sea-floor texture, and physiographic zones of Vineyard and western Nantucket Sounds, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2016-1119, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161119

   Foster, David S., Baldwin, Wayne E., Barnhardt, Walter A., Schwab, William C., Ackerman, Seth D., Andrews, Brian D., and Pendleton, Elizabeth A., 2015, Shallow geology, sea-floor texture, and physiographic zones of Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2014-1220, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • http://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141220

   Pendleton, Elizabeth E., Barnhardt, Walter A., Baldwin, Wayne E., Foster, David S., Schwab, William C., Andrews, Brian D., and Ackerman, Seth D, 2015, Sea-floor texture and physiographic zones of the inner continental shelf from Salisbury to Nahant, Massachusetts, including the Merrimack Embayment and Western Massachusetts Bay: Open-File Report 2015-1153, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • http://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151153

   Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Baldwin, Wayne E., Barnhardt, Walter A., Ackerman, Seth D., Foster, David S., Andrews, Brian D., and Schwab, William C., 2013, Shallow Geology, Seafloor Texture, and Physiographic Zones of the Inner Continental Shelf from Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2012-1157, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   The data were digitized between 1:8,000 and 1:25,000, but the recommended scale for application of these data is 1:25,000.
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   These data were produced qualitatively from acoustic and sample data with varying resolutions. Horizontal uncertainty associated with sample collection especially, can be quite high (100's of meters), much higher than positional uncertainty associated with acoustic data (usually less than 10's of meters). The date of sample collection and ship station positioning all contribute to sample position uncertainty. These qualitatively derived polygons outlining sea-floor features are estimated to be within 50 meters, horizontally, but locally may be higher when delineation is based on sample information alone.
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   These physiographic zones are defined for areas where source data exists. In general, gaps in the coverage coincide with gaps in the source data. However, some small data gaps were interpreted through extrapolation. Areas of lower data quality and incomplete coverage are noted in a data confidence attribute field. All of the interpretive layer bounds in this report are a little short of the data bounds in western Vineyard Sound, this is because this dataset abuts the interpretive layers of Baldwin and others (2016), and are not redundant with that interpretation.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   These data were drawn and vetted for accuracy using the source input raster files and point sample data described in the processing steps and source contributions. Overlapping features and unintentional gaps within the survey area were identified using the topology checker in ArcMap (version 10.5) and corrected or removed. The boundaries of polygons are often inferred on the basis of sediment samples, and even boundaries that are traced on the basis of amplitude changes in geophysical data are subject to migration. Polygon boundaries should be considered an approximation of the location of a change in feature. All of the interpretive layer bounds in this report are a little short of the data bounds in western Vineyard Sound, this is because this dataset abuts the interpretive layers of Baldwin and others (2016), and are not redundant with that interpretation.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey - Science Base

   Attn: GS ScienceBase

   Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

   Denver, CO
   

   United States

   1-888-275-8747 (voice)

   sciencebase@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? MV_ACK_physiozone shapefile components contains qualitatively derived polygons that define sea floor physiographic zones offshore of western and southern Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket, MA. The dataset also contains a browse graphic (MV_ACK_physiozone.png), and CSDGM metadata in XML format.
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
   Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government
4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	shapefile (version ArcGIS v. 10.5.1 shapefile) Size: 0.269
     Network links:	https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5bfd6055e4b0815414ca39d9 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5bfd6055e4b0815414ca39d9 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E9EFNE

     Data format:	ArcGIS v. 10.5.1 shapefile provided through a WMS (web mapping service). in format WMS
     Network links:	https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5aff06aae4b0da30c1bfcde2?service=wms&request=getcapabilities&version=1.3.0 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5aff06aae4b0da30c1bfcde2 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E9EFNE

     Data format:	ArcGIS v. 10.5.1 shapefile provided through a WFS (web feature service). in format WFS
     Network links:	https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5aff06aae4b0da30c1bfcde2?service=wfs&request=getcapabilities&version=1.0.0 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5aff06aae4b0da30c1bfcde2 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E9EFNE

   • Cost to order the data: None

5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
   These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) shapefile format. The user must have software capable of importing and processing this data type.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 19-Mar-2024
Last Reviewed: 2018

Metadata author:

Elizabeth A Pendleton

U.S. Geological Survey

Geologist

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole, MA

USA

508-548-8700 x2259 (voice)

508-457-2310 (FAX)

whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov

Contact_Instructions:

The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319)

Metadata standard:

FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)