One meter mosaic of acoustic backscatter data acquired using an EdgeTech 4200 and Klein 3000 sidescan sonar within Barnegat Bay New Jersey by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2011, 2012, and 2013 (GeoTIFF image, UTM 18N, WGS 84)

Metadata also available as - [Questions & Answers] - [Parseable text] - [XML]

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:

One meter mosaic of acoustic backscatter data acquired using an EdgeTech 4200 and Klein 3000 sidescan sonar within Barnegat Bay New Jersey by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2011, 2012, and 2013 (GeoTIFF image, UTM 18N, WGS 84)

Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Data Series
Issue_Identification: 937

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds937
Online_Linkage:

http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/downloads/raster/backscatter/BarnBayBS_1m.zip

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Brian D. Andrews
Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis
Originator: William W. Danforth
Originator: Barry J. Irwin
Originator: Charles R. Worley
Originator: Emile M. Bergeron
Originator: Dann S. Blackwood
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:

Marine geophysical data collected in a shallow back-barrier estuary: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey

Edition: 1.1
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Data Series
Issue_Identification: 937

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds937
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/

Description:

Abstract:

In 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in partnership with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection began a multidisciplinary research project to better understand the water quality in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. This back-barrier estuary is flushed by only three inlets and is experiencing degraded water quality, algal blooms, loss of seagrass, and increases in oxygen stress, macro algae, stinging nettles, and brown tide. The scale of the estuary and the scope of the problems within it necessitate a multidisciplinary approach that includes establishing the regional geology, its physical characteristics, and modeling how the estuary's morphology interacts to affect its water quality. Scientists from USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program offices in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and St. Petersburg, Florida, began mapping the sea floor of the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor estuary in November 2011 and completed in September 2013. With funding from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and logistical support from the USGS New Jersey Water Science Center, they collected data with a suite of geophysical tools, including swath bathymetric sonar for measuring sea floor depth, a sidescan sonar for collecting acoustic-backscatter data (which provides information about sea floor texture and sediment type), subbottom profiler for imaging sediment layers beneath the floor of the estuary, and sediment samples with bottom photographs for ground validation of the acoustic data. More information about the individual surveys conducted as part of the Barnegat Bay Project can be found on the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Field activity webpages: 2011-041-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2011-041-FA 2012-003-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2012-003-FA 2013-014-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2013-014-FA 2013-030-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2013-030-FA

Purpose:

This mosaic of acoustic backscatter will be used to interpret the sediment composition of Barnegat Bay and assist in understanding the regional geology.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20111101
Ending_Date: 20130326

Currentness_Reference:

ground condition of individual surveys during backscatter collection: 20111101-20111107; 20120321-20120408; 20130313-20130326.

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.194044
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.042018
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.092154
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.730679

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:22edd3aa-8c00-4f7a-9c66-96d7ea8677a0

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: RV Rafael
Theme_Keyword: Backscatter
Theme_Keyword: Marine Geology
Theme_Keyword: sidescan-sonar
Theme_Keyword: Klein 3000
Theme_Keyword: EdgeTech 4200
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2011-041-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2012-003-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2013-014-FA

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: sea-floor acoustic reflectivity
Theme_Keyword: image mosaics
Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar
Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics
Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: United States of America
Place_Keyword: State of New Jersey
Place_Keyword: Barnegat Bay
Place_Keyword: Metedeconk River
Place_Keyword: Mantoloking
Place_Keyword: Toms River
Place_Keyword: Forked River
Place_Keyword: Barnegat Inlet
Place_Keyword: Tuckerton
Place_Keyword: Little Egg Harbor
Place_Keyword: Little Egg Inlet

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Stratum_Keyword: sea floor
Stratum_Keyword: seafloor

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Temporal_Keyword: 2011
Temporal_Keyword: 2012
Temporal_Keyword: 2013

Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: none
Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name: BarnBayBS_1m.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:

Thumbnail image of backscatter collected with Barnegat Bay, NJ. The file is included in the compressed zip file.

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Data_Set_Credit:

Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: William W. Danforth
Publication_Date: 1997
Title:

XSonar/ShowImage: A complete system for rapid sidescan-sonar processing and display.

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 97-686

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0686/report.pdf

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Valerie Paskevich
Publication_Date: 1996
Title:

MAPIT: An improved method for mapping digital sidescan sonar data using the Woods Hole Image Processing System (WHIPS) Software

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 96-281

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0281/report.pdf

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Image pixel values contain acoustic reflectivity values normalized to an 8-bit range (0-255). Low-backscatter is represented by dark tones (low values) and high-backscatter is represented by bright tones (high values). No data value = 0.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Acoustic data were collected using a Klein 3000 dual frequency (132/455 kHz) sidescan sonar during USGS Survey 2011-041-FA. During the remaining 3 surveys (2012-003-FA, 2013-014-FA and 2013-030-FA) an EdgeTech 4200 dual frequency (100/400 kHz) sidescan sonar was used to collect acoustic backscatter. Only the low frequency data (132/100 kHz) were processed and included in this mosaic.

Completeness_Report:

This mosaic includes data collected during USGS Field Activities 2011-041-FA, 2012-003-FA, and 2013-014-FA. A separate mosaic (LittleEggHbrMos1m.tiff)covers Little Egg Harbor collected during 2013-030-FA. This mosaic does not include all acoustic backscatter collected using the Klein 3000 and EdgeTech 4200 sidescan sonars. Data collected along some transit and seismic tie lines, and other lines of poor quality are not included in this mosaic.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Navigation for these data were recorded using a Hemisphere DPGS receiver located on top of the cabin house of the R/V Rafael. Offsets between the antenna and sidescan towfish (layback) were measured and recorded in the Klein SonarPro acquisition software (v. 10.0) and SonarWiz (v. 7.02). The DGPS is accurate to within 1-2 meters. A conservative estimate of the horizontal accuracy of this backscatter mosaic is 2-3 meters.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: raw sidescan files
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20111101
Ending_Date: 20130326

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition of individual surveys during backscatter collection: 20111101-20111107; 20120321-20120408; 20130313-20130326.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: raw sidescan files
Source_Contribution:

During USGS Survey 2011-041-FA a Klein 3000 sidescan sonar operating at a frequency of 132 and 445 kHz was used. During the remaining two surveys (2012-003-FA, 2013-014-FA), backscatter data were collected using an EdgeTech 4200 operating on a frequency of 100 and 400 kHz. The Klein and EdgeTech sonars were towed from the port side of the R/V Rafael approximately 1.5 m astern.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Step 1: Convert raw sidescan files to XSonar format. During 2011-041-FA sidescan sonar files were collected using a Klein 3000 sidescan sonar and recorded using the eXtended Triton Format (xtf). The remaining three surveys (2012-003-FA, 2013-014-FA, and 2013-030-FA) used an EdgeTech 4200 sidescan sonar and recorded files using the Jason Special Format (jsf). The first step in processing backscatter data is the same for both raw data types. Using XSonar/ShowImage software (v. 2.0) (Danforth 1997) the raw line files were converted (Demultiplexed) to XSonar format using a 50-m range (100 meter swath) and navigation was extracted at intervals of 30 seconds. During this conversion an across track filter of 4 and along track filter of 3 pixels were used to smooth the backscatter values. In addition, a normalization of 4095 (out of 16-bit range of 65,536) was applied to produce a *.d file for each input line file. During the demultiplex operation a static value of 2-meters was used to search for the first bottom return. Next the slant range correction routine was run on each *.d file to produce a corrected *.ds file. Each file was reviewed in ShowImage (v. 1.0) to ensure that the bottom picks and slant range were correct and manually adjusted if required. Next a beam pattern correction was applied to each .ds file to produce a *.dsb file. The beam pattern corrections used a ping overlap of 75 for each 150 lines (scans) of the sonar. A weighted tone adjustment was also applied during this step. The final step in XSonar produces separate raster (.*.ras) files at 1.0 meter resolution in UTM Zone 18 WGS 84 coordinates for even and odd lines.

Process_Date: 201303
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Step 2: XSonar to TIFF conversion: Each *.ras file was converted to a raw raster file (*.raw) at a resolution of 1-m per pixel. The 80-byte header for each *ras raster file was removed and the images were converted to a raster (.raw) file with the command: dd if=filename.ras of=filename.raw bs=80 skip=1. The resulting rasters (.raw) were converted to a TIFF using Adobe Photoshop (ver. 10.0.1).

Process_Date: 201303
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Step 3: Create Mosaic: A PCI Geomatica (v. 10.1) project was created using the "mosaic only option" The mosaics of odd and even lines were imported into PCI Geomatica to be digitally mosaicked together using PCI's OrthoEngine and procedures described in Paskevich 1996. The mosaicking process produces an enhanced, geographically correct, sidescan-sonar mosaic with 1 meter/pixel resolution. Mosaics were created for each Julian Day and then mosaicked into a master mosaic for the entire survey. The composite mosaic was exported as a GeoTIFF image.

Process_Date: 20140324
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Step 4: Changed incorrect data download links in the Online Linkage and Network_Resource_Name sections.

Process_Date: 20160628
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section.
Process_Date: 20180720
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata.
Process_Date: 20191115
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20200908
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 40000
Column_Count: 12600
Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 18
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image. Image pixel values contain acoustic-reflectivity values (DN) normalized to an 8-bit data range (0-255) with the data range 1-255 (no data value is 0). Low-backscatter is represented by dark tones (low values) and high-backscatter is represented by bright tones (high values). The data mean DN value for this mosaic is 4.4 with a standard deviation of 11.4.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

BarnBayBS_1m.zip: contains BarnBayBS_1m.tif, BarnBayBS_1m.jpg browse graphic, and the associated FGDC compliant metadata. In addition an ArcGIS (v. 9.3.1) Layer file "BarnegatBay Backscatter.lyr" is included to store a suitable symbology for all three backscatter mosaics in this publication. The backscatter mosaics BarnBayBS_10m.tif, LittleEggHbrBS_1m.tif, and BarnegatBayInletsBS_1m.tif must be uncompressed to the same folder as the layer file before the layer file will draw correctly.

Distribution_Liability:

Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: GeoTIFF
Format_Version_Number: PCI Geomatica 10.1
Format_Specification: GeoTIFF image
Format_Information_Content:

WinZip (v. 14.0) file contains a GeoTIFF image and associated metadata of sidescan-sonar data collected in Barnegat Bay, NJ.

File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip
Transfer_Size: 53.0

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/downloads/raster/backscatter/BarnBayBS_1m.zip

Fees: none

Technical_Prerequisites:

This Zip file contains a compressed GeoTIFF image. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and viewing a GeoTIFF image.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20240318
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:

The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318)

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/data_series/DS-937/BarnBayBS_1m.html>