Reflection point navigation for multi-channel streamer seismic-reflection profiles collected in 2015 by the U.S. Geological Survey along the Delmarva Peninsula, MD and VA (Esri point shapefile, GCS WGS 84)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Reflection point navigation for multi-channel streamer seismic-reflection profiles collected in 2015 by the U.S. Geological Survey along the Delmarva Peninsula, MD and VA (Esri point shapefile, GCS WGS 84)
Abstract:
The Delmarva Peninsula is a 220-kilometer-long headland, spit, and barrier island complex that was significantly affected by Hurricane Sandy in the fall of 2012. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted cruises during the summers of 2014 and 2015 to map the inner continental shelf of the Delmarva Peninsula using geophysical and sampling techniques to define the geologic framework that governs coastal system evolution at storm-event and longer timescales. Geophysical data collected during the cruises include swath bathymetric, sidescan sonar, chirp and boomer seismic reflection profiles, grab sample and bottom photograph data. More information about the USGS survey conducted as part of the Hurricane Sandy Response-- Geologic Framework and Coastal Vulnerability Study can be found at the project website or on the WHCMSC Field Activity Web pages: https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/delmarva/, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2014-002-FA and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2015-001-FA. Data collected during the 2014 survey can be obtained here: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MW2F60
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, Reflection point navigation for multi-channel streamer seismic-reflection profiles collected in 2015 by the U.S. Geological Survey along the Delmarva Peninsula, MD and VA (Esri point shapefile, GCS WGS 84): data release DOI:10.5066/F7P55KK3, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Sweeney, Edward M., Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Ackerman, Seth D., Andrews, Brian D., Baldwin, Wayne E., Danforth, William W., Foster, David S., Thieler, E. Robert, and Brothers, Laura L., 2016, High-resolution geophysical data collected along the Delmarva Peninsula 2015, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2015-001-FA: data release DOI:10.5066/F7P55KK3, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.831103
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.156956
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.606200
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.001644
  3. What does it look like?
    https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-001-FA/data/seismics/tracklines/2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp_browse.jpg (JPEG)
    Thumbnail image of multi-channel reflection point tracklines for Delmarva Peninsula.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 10-Jun-2015
    Ending_Date: 17-Jun-2015
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity point (9202)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp
    Multichannel seismic-reflection tracklines for survey 2015-001-FA along the Delmarva Peninsula. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    East
    Easting coordinate in UTM Zone 18 N meters, WGS 84 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:426137.22
    Maximum:486142.30
    Units:meters
    Resolution:1
    North
    Northing coordinate in UTM Zone 18 N meters, WGS 84 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:4095173.17
    Maximum:4162271.77
    Units:meters
    Resolution:1
    Lon
    Longitude coordinate in decimal degrees, WGS 84 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-75.831103
    Maximum:-75.156956
    Units:degrees
    Resolution:.00001
    Lat
    Latitude coordinate in decimal degrees, WGS 84 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:37.001644
    Maximum:37.606200
    Units:degrees
    Resolution:.00001
    LineName
    Name of the trackline along which MCS data were collected in the format: line number (i.e. 'l1') + file number (i.e. 'f1'). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character set
    Image
    Name of the PNG image file associated with the MCS survey line. The appended '_stack' in the file name indicates that a stack filter had been applied to the subbottom data. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character set
    Year
    Year the survey was conducted. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2015
    Maximum:2015
    Units:year
    Resolution:1
    JD
    Julian day at the start of the survey line. Julian day is the integer number (although recorded here in text string format) representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year of collection. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:161
    Maximum:168
    Units:Julian day
    Resolution:1
    RP
    Reflection point number (first, last, and every 100 reflection points between). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:43703
    Units:reflection point
    Resolution:1
    Fold
    The number of field traces summed within a reflection point bin to created stacked trace. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:18
    Units:fold
    Resolution:1
    SurveyID
    WHCMSC field activity identifier (e.g. "2015-001-FA" where 2015 is the survey year, 001 is survey number of that year, and FA is Field Activity). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character set
    VehicleID
    Survey vessel name. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character set
    DeviceID
    Sonar device used to collect MCS data in the format: source (AA S-Boom)/receiver (GeoEel). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character set
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The PNG seismic reflection images can be hyperlinked to their trackline location in ArcGIS. The 100 reflection point intervals correspond to the x-axis ticks on the PNG images. The unique reflection point CSV file has the following column headings: Easting, Northing, Longitude, Latitude, LineName, Image, Year, JulianDay, RP and Fold. The first 10 columns correspond to the first 10 attributes of the shapefile.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Edward M. Sweeney
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Physical Scientist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, Massachusetts
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2256 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    emsweeney@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This dataset contains reflection point navigation for approximately 1,460 km of multi-channel streamer seismic-reflection profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during cruise 2015-001-FA along the Delmarva Peninsula, MD and VA. This information can help spatially correlate the subbottom profiles with other data in the GIS.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    MCS reflection point data (source 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, Unpublished Material, MCS reflection point data.

    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution:
    MCS seismic data were collected using S-Boom source and a 100-m long GeoEel 16-channel streamer. The applied acoustics S-Boom source was towed astern of the M/V Scarlet Isabella at a power level of 400 joules. The Geometrics GeoEel, 16-channel liquid filled digital streamer was towed from the starboard side of the vessel, and the center of the first channel of the active section was 10 to 20 m aft of the boomer source. The streamer had a group interval of 3.25 m connected to Geometrics Streamer Power Supply Unit (SPSU). Data were acquired in Geometrics SEG-D format on Windows PC controller system using Geometrics CNT-1 software. The fire rate was 1 s, the record length was 250 ms and the sample interval was 0.25 ms.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 14-Jul-2015 (process 1 of 4)
    A SIOSEIS seismic processing software script (sio_geom) was used as follows:
    1. The raw SEG-D shot files were read with the process SEGDDIN specifying the geometrics format; the process HEADER was used to insert time of day into the header based on the start and end times recorded in HYPACK files and from the cruise survey log entries. The process GEOM was used to describe the shot and streamer geometries and to calculate the reflection point (RP) numbers used to gather (sort traces) the seismic line. The process GEOM also set the shot-receiver distance in the trace header of every trace. GEOM type 9 was used for all lines (except for lines 2 to 6 and l30f1) to calculate distances between shots from shot point locations in the SEG-D headers and to bin traces as common RP's (reflection points). GEOM type 6 was specified for lines 2 to 6 (because positions were absent or bad in the header), which computes a distance from last shot (DFLS) for each shot based on the shot time in the header and the navigation from an ASCII file containing time and position. The ASCII navigation file was derived from the HYPACK data and merged with RP files with the Unix join command. The process GATHER was used to sort the shot order traces by the RP numbers (computed by GEOM). A normal move out (NMO) applied a travel time correction to each trace based on time offset and a velocity of 1530 m/s. Lastly, the shot ordered trace gathers were written with the process DISKOX in SEG-Y rev. 1, IEEE floating point format. This step and all subsequent steps were completed by Dave Foster.
    2. A SIOSEIS script (sio_gather) was used to sort traces into RP order trace gathers using the RP values calculated by the SIOSEIS process GEOM. RP ordered navigation coordinates to be used in process step 3.
    3. A SIOSEIS script (sio_nmo) was used to apply a normal moveout to the RP gathers from step 2. Moveout velocities of 1510 to 1540 m/s were used.
    4. A shell script (layback_stack) read the navigation output created in step 2 and extracted the navigation coordinates for channel 1 within each RP. The result was read by a Python script (layback_rp.py) which applied a layback correction (offset from the GPS antenna source and to the midpoint from the source to the first active channel). The script calculated easting and northing differential values between trace positions. Headings between consecutive traces were calculated using the arctangent function (arctan2(dy,dx)), and reciprocal back bearings were determined using a lookup table. Back bearings were smoothed along track using a moving median function. Layback easting and northing offsets were calculated by multiplying the layback distance by the sine and cosine of the smoothed back bearing, respectively. Offset values were then added to the original coordinates to produce layback positions. The script (layback_stack) then called a SIOSEIS script (siostackpop) which stacked the RP gathers and apply a bandpass filter. The process DISKIN read the RP sorted SEG-Y file. The process STACK was used to sum traces, compute the average amplitude for each trace sample, and write the computed samples to one trace. The trace header values of the first trace in the gather were used for the stacked trace. The process FILTER applied a zero-phase bandpass frequency domain filter between 350 and 1800 Hz with a slope of 48 decibel per octave slope. The process HEADER was used to populate the SEG-Y headers with the layback corrected RP coordinates. Lastly, the processed stacked traces were written to disk with the process DISKOX in SEG-Y rev. 1 , IEEE floating point format. The script layback_stack used AWK to format navigation files with unique RP positions and positions for every 100 reflection points in CSV format, which contains attributes for layback corrected UTM Zone 18 coordinates, layback corrected geographic coordinates, line (file) name, year, day, RP number, and fold. Finally, a Python script (GBrptoSQL15001.py) written by Wayne Baldwin, imported the CSV files to the Spatialite (version 3.0.1) enabled SQLite (version 3.7.9) database. Esri shape polyline and shot point files were exported directly from the SQLite database. Person who carried out this activity:
    Dave Foster
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700 x2271 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    dfoster@usgs.gov
    Date: 19-Apr-2017 (process 2 of 4)
    The online links to the data were updated to reflect the new server hosting the data. Additionally, other small edits could be made to the metadata, such as modifying http to https where appropriate. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 3 of 4)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 4 of 4)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Ackerman, Seth D., Baldwin, Wayne E., Danforth, William W., Foster, David S., Thieler, E. Robert, and Brothers, Laura L., 2015, High-resolution geophysical data collected along the Delmarva Peninsula 2014, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2014-002-FA: data release DOI:10.5066/F7MW2F60, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) GPS navigation data were acquired with a Proflex receiver and a Hemisphere receiver, which were both recorded using HYPACK software (version 14.0.9.47) (www.hypack.com). The DGPS antenna was located on the port-side of the acquisition van. DGPS horizontal positional accuracy is estimated to be within 3-5 m; WAAS enable GPS is estimated to be less than 2 m. The applied acoustics S-Boom source was towed 20-m (lines 1-14) and 25-m (lines 15-39) astern of the M/V Scarlet Isabella. The 100-m long GeoEel 16-channel streamer was towed from the starboard side of the M/V Scarlett Isabella on a 4.82 m boom with 20 m (lines 1-18f1, 37 and 38) and 15 m (lines 18f2-36, 39) of tow cable and 10 m of isolation in front of the start of the active channel. The Geometrics CNT-1 seismic acquisition software (version 5.361) logged the navigation coordinates (in arc seconds) to individual trace headers using the Proflex receiver (JD 161-162) and the Hemisphere receiver (JD 162-168). Layback distance between the GPS antenna and the source and receiver were calculated in post processing. Although horizontal accuracy of navigation positioning is assumed to be within 2 m, inaccuracies likely exceed this value in the seismic reflection data due to uncertainty of azimuths calculated in the layback correction (described in the processing steps).
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Sections of tracklines where navigation was recorded but no seismic data were logged are not included such as some turns and transits. There is no line l6f1.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    These seismic reflection profile data were collected in a grid at roughly 3.2 kilometer line spacing. Most of the alongshore tracklines were acquired roughly parallel to the orientation of Assateague Island, with crosslines lines running roughly perpendicular to the coast. Line numbering begins at line 1 and ends at line 39. Any spurious data points were removed during processing. There is a starting reflection point (rp) (1) and ending rp (x) with even 100-rp intervals in the shapefile for each seismic trackline. The CSV file contains unique rp navigation. No duplicates exist.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Edward M. Sweeney
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Physical Scientist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, Massachusetts
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2256 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    emsweeney@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? USGS data release 2015-001-FA MCS data from the Delmarva Peninsula area (2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp.zip). The zip file contains a folder with the following shapefile: 2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp.shp, a browse graphic (2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp_browse.jpg), a CSV file of reflection point locations (2015-001-FA_MCS_rp-nav.csv) and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) metadata files (2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp.xml) in four standard formats are also included in the zip file.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This zip file contains data available in shapefile and CSV format. The user must have software capable of reading shapefile format to use these data. The CSV file can be read with a text editor.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 19-Nov-2021
Metadata author:
Edward M. Sweeney
U.S. Geological Survey
Physical Scientist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, Massachusetts
USA

508-548-8700 x2256 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid.
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/field_activities/2015_001_fa/2015-001-FA_MCS_100rp.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Fri Nov 19 13:02:55 2021