Seismic-Reflection Profiles in SEG-Y Format from Eastern Rhode Island Sound Collected in 1975

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Seismic-Reflection Profiles in SEG-Y Format from Eastern Rhode Island Sound Collected in 1975
Abstract:
During 1975, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a seismic-reflection survey utilizing Uniboom seismics in eastern Rhode Island Sound aboard the Research Vessel Asterias. This cruise totalled 8 survey days. Data from this survey were recorded in analog form and archived at the USGS. Due to recent interest in the geology of Rhode Island Sound and in an effort to make the data more readily accessible while preserving the original paper records, the seismic data from this cruise were scanned and converted to TIFF images and SEG-Y data files. Navigation data were converted from LORAN-C time delays to latitudes and longitudes, which are available in ESRI shapefile format and as eastings and northings in space-delimited text format.
Supplemental_Information:
For more information on the seismic surveys see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=1975-011-FA
These data are also available via GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org/) and Virtual Ocean ( http://www.virtualocean.org/) earth science exploration and visualization applications.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2009, Seismic-Reflection Profiles in SEG-Y Format from Eastern Rhode Island Sound Collected in 1975: Open-File Report 2009-1003, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., and Soderberg, N.K., 2009, Digital Seismic-Reflection Data from Eastern Rhode Island Sound and Vicinity, 1975-1980: Open-File Report 2009-1003, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 2 DVD-ROMs
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.215370
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.637272
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.502251
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.233566
  3. What does it look like?
    https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1003/data/seismics/eris/segy/a75_6lines.gif (GIF)
    Browse image of seismic-line locations from cruise ASTR75-June.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 20-Jun-1975
    Ending_Date: 29-Jun-1975
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: profile
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Sediment Lab Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This data set contains the seismic-reflection data in SEG-Y format collected aboard the R/V Asterias during a 1975 geophysical cruise in eastern Rhode Island Sound. The SEG-Y data files can be imported into seismic interpretation software. The seismic data can be used to provide useful information about the framework geology in this region. This metadata describes the SEG-Y data as a whole.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Original seismic-reflection profiles (source 1 of 1)
    (assumed), USGS, unknown, Information unavailable from original metadata..

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper records (assumed)
    Source_Contribution: Information unavailable from original metadata.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 1975 (process 1 of 10)
    Original seismic records of cruise ASTR-75-JUN were obtained using a towed EG&G Uniboom system with a half-second fire rate. The signal was amplified and filtered to a 200- to 4000-Hz bandpass. The seismic data have 1- to 2-m resolution. Seismic data were printed on EPC recorders at a quarter-second sweep rate. The hydrophone array and catamaran float with mounted transducer were towed about 15 meters astern of the survey vessel. This configuration, coupled with ship speed, resulted in a sound source/receiver separation of approximately 10 meters.
    Date: 2008 (process 2 of 10)
    Original seismic records were scanned at 300 dpi, 8-bit grayscale on an Ideal Contex Crystal TX 40 scanner using Ideal ScanOS version 2.5.4 software and saved as TIFFs, after being roughly rotated and cropped. Some seismic lines were too long to scan at once and were cut into sections, other lines were collected in sections. These sections are noted in the file names with lower-case letters after the line number. For instance, a75_625Ab_1.tif signifies the cruise as R/V Asterias in 1975 (ASTR75-June), line 25A, section b, SEG-Y segment _1, and TIFF format. Capitalized letters are part of the original line number, as recorded on the seismic line. Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Sediment Lab Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Date: 2008 (process 3 of 10)
    TIFFs were then opened in Adobe Photoshop CS2 and saved as 200 dpi grayscale TIFFs. Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Sediment Lab Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Date: 2008 (process 4 of 10)
    Grayscale TIFFs were further processed in Adobe Photoshop CS2 in order to aid in creating the SEG-Y files. These TIFF images were rotated so they were nearly perfectly horizontal, cropped to start and end shots with known positions, and resampled using bicubic filtering, such that each horizontal pixel of the image corresponds to a trace and each vertical pixel corresponds to a time sample, based on a 0.5 second fire rate and 0.25 sec sweep rate (250 ms) and an assumed 0.08 sample rate. For instance, a 30-minute image is 3600 shots/pixels wide (30*60/0.5) and 3125 pixels high (250 ms/0.08 ms). Seismic-reflection profiles that had noted changes in ship speed or places where recording stopped for belt changes were split into segments, so each file was obtained at roughly the same speed. These segments are labeled with _1 or _2 after the section, thus the file names differ slightly from the line names as used in the logbook. Since TIFF images were clipped in the process of making SEG-Y files, users are encouraged to view the TIFF images available in this report (shttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1003/html/eris_prof.html) in order to see field notes related to data acquisition and weather conditions, which were written directly on the paper records. Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Sediment Lab Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 458-8700 x2277 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Date: 2009 (process 5 of 10)
    Rotated, cropped, and resampled grayscale TIFFs were run through tif2segy, a Unix shell script written by Andrew MacRae (Saint Mary's University, Nova Scotia) and used to convert TIFFs to SEG-Y format. Tif2segy requires two other programs to run successfully: Seismic Unix (http://www.cwp.mines.edu/cwpcodes) and Netpbm tools (http://netpbm.sourceforge.net). The default sample interval within the Tif2segy script was edited and set to 80 microseconds using the Unix text editor, vi. The ASCII header was also edited to reflect the current processor and processing date. Quality control was performed by viewing the SEG-Y files using SeisVU SEG-Y File Viewer (1.0.0.1). Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Sediment Lab Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Feb-2017 (process 6 of 10)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.36 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Attempted to modify http to https where appropriate. An online link was added to a cross-reference. Fixed an online link to a cross-reference. The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 24-Jan-2017 (process 7 of 10)
    Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Alan O. Allwardt
    Contractor -- Information Specialist
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-460-7551 (voice)
    831-427-4748 (FAX)
    aallwardt@usgs.gov
    Date: 01-Dec-2017 (process 8 of 10)
    Additional information regarding file availability through GeoMapApp was added to the metadata. This included an additional distribution link pointing to CMGDS. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 9 of 10)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 10 of 10)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    O'Hara, C.J., and Oldale, R.N., 1980, Maps showing geology and shallow structure of eastern Rhode Island Sound and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts: Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1186, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., and Soderberg, N.K., 2009, Digital Seismic-Reflection Data from Western Rhode Island Sound, 1980: Open-File Report 2009-1002, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Barry, K.M., Cavers, D.A., and Kneale, C.W., 1975, Report on recommended standards for digital tape formats: Geophysics 40, no. 02, p. 344-352.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    All available SEG-Y data along seismic acquisition lines collected during the R/V Asterias cruise ASTR75-June is included in this data set.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    The data were edited and processed in a consistent manner.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of this dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Lawrence Poppe
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data: WinZipped SEG-Y seismic data files.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    The WinZip 9.0 file contains a SEG-Y formatted seismic-reflection profile. The user must be able to uncompress the zip file and have software capable of reading SEG-Y standard files.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 16-Nov-2021
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
Attn: Katherine McMullen
Sediment Lab Technician
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA
USA

(508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
(508) 457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid.
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2009-1003/a75_6segy_md.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Nov 16 10:06:38 2021