5 meter ArcRaster grid of hillshaded bathymetry data collected in Buzzards Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration offshore of Massachusetts in 2004, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (BB_hlshd5m, UTM Zone 19N, Esri BINARY GRID)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
5 meter ArcRaster grid of hillshaded bathymetry data collected in Buzzards Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration offshore of Massachusetts in 2004, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (BB_hlshd5m, UTM Zone 19N, Esri BINARY GRID)
Abstract:
These data were collected under a cooperative agreement between the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHSC). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of seafloor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes due to natural or human impacts. The project is focused on the inshore waters of coastal Massachusetts, primarily in water depths of 5 to 30 meters (m) deep. Data collected for the mapping cooperative have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/). The data collected in the study area in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, include high-resolution geophysics (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and ground validation (sediment samples, video tracklines, and bottom photographs). The geophysical data are released in USGS Open-File Report 2012-1002, High-Resolution Geophysical Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1002/). The sampling data have not been prepared for publication yet. The geophysical data were collected during four separate surveys conducted between 2004 and 2011 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) survey H11319 (in 2004; bathymetry only) and USGS surveys 2009-002-FA, 2010-004-FA, and 2011-004-FA)) and cover 410 square kilometers of the inner continental shelf. More information about the individual USGS surveys conducted as part of the Buzzards Bay project can be found on WHCS Field Activity Web pages: 2009-002-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2009-002-FA 2010-004-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2010-004-FA 2011-004-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2011-004-FA Information about the NOAA survey can be found at: H11319: http://surveys.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/NOS/coast/H10001-H12000/H11319/DR/
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, 5 meter ArcRaster grid of hillshaded bathymetry data collected in Buzzards Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration offshore of Massachusetts in 2004, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (BB_hlshd5m, UTM Zone 19N, Esri BINARY GRID): Open-File Report 2012-1002, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Ackerman, Seth D., Andrews, Brian D., Foster, David S., Baldwin, Wayne E., and Schwab, William C., 2013, High-Resolution Geophysical Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts.: Open-File Report 2012-1002, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.130776
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.646807
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.673085
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.362978
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1002/GIS/browse_jpg/big/BB_hlshd5m.jpg (JPEG)
    Grayscale image of bathymetric hillshade
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 30-Mar-2004
    Ending_Date: 13-May-2011
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition of individual surveys on the following dates: 20040330-20040412; 20090528-20090618; 20100515-20100520; 20110513
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 6716 x 7934 x 1, type Grid Cell
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 19
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 5.000000
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 5.000000
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    bb_hlshd5m.vat
    table associated with hillshade (Source: Automatically generated by Esri software.)
    Rowid
    Internal feature number. (Source: ESRI) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    VALUE
    Hillshade Value. (Source: Generated by the hillshade process in ArcMap) Automatically generated based on the hillshade value.
    COUNT
    Hillshade Value Count. (Source: Generated by the hillshade process in ArcMap) Automatically generated based on the number of cells in the grid containing a particular hillshade value.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This grid is a hillshade illustrating the shaded relief of approximately 410 square kilometers of bathymetric data that were collected in 2004, 2009, 2010, and 2011. It is derived from a merged grid of interferometric (Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. SWATHPlus-M) and multibeam (RESON SeaBat 8125) bathymetric sonar data that were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, respectively, during four surveys (USGS surveys 2009-002-FA, 2010-004-FA and 2011-004-FA; and NOAA survey H11319 in 2004) offshore of Massachusetts, in Buzzards Bay. These data are used to define the seafloor morphology as part of the Massachusetts Seafloor Mapping Project

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    none (source 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, bathymetry grid: BB_bathy5m.

    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution:
    This hillshade was derived from a bathymetric dataset which is a combination of data collected by the USGS (with a 234 kHz Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. (SEA) SWATHplus interferometric sonar mounted on the M/V Megan T. Miller (2009 and 2010) and the M/V Scarlett Isabella (2011)) and NOAA (with a 455 kHz multibeam-echosounder mounted on the NOAA Ship RUDE(2004)). Data were acquired between March 2004 and May 2011. Raw bathymetry data from the USGS surveys was processed in CARIS HIPS (v. 6.1 and 7.1). Selected lines from the NOAA-provided CARIS HIPS database was combined with the USGS survey data in CARIS HIPS version 7.1 to create a final bathymetry grid for the Buzzards Bay survey area. For additional information concerning bathymetry data see metadata for BB_bathy5m - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1002/html/appendix1.html. While much effort was devoted to cleaning the data and minimizing survey artifacts, some artifacts may still be seen in the final gridded data including an along track artifact at nadir (the ship track) and at the far edges of a survey line where adjacent swaths overlap. These artifacts are especially noticeable in areas of little local relief within this hillshade grid.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2012 (process 1 of 5)
    Created the hillshade grid in ArcMap (version 9.3) using Spatial Analyst, Hillshade with the Input Surface: "BB_bathy5m", Azimuth: 45, Altitude: 45, Model Shadows: NO_SHADOWS, Z factor (vertical exaggeration): 5, Output cell size: 5 to create the hillshade "BB_hlshd5m" Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Esri ArcRaster Grid (BB_hlshd5m)
    Date: 08-Dec-2015 (process 2 of 5)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The link to the data in the Identification_Information section and the Distribution section had to be fixed. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 3 of 5)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 4 of 5)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 5 of 5)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), 2004, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Data Acquisition and Processing Report to Accompany 2004 Hydrographic Surveys, NOAA Ship RUDE (s590): Data Acquisition and Process Report (DAPR) NOAA Ship RUDE (2004), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO.

    Online Links:

    NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), 2004, H11319_BuzzBay [Descriptive Report, Basic Hydrographic Survey H11319, Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts: Descriptive Report (DR) H11319, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Hydrographic survey H11319: Horizontal sounding positional control for the NOAA H11319 survey was determined using the Global Positioning System (GPS) corrected by U.S. Coast Guard Differential GPS (DGPS) beacon stations. The primary DGPS beacon used for survey H11319 was at Acushnet, MA and the secondary beacon was at Portsmouth, NH. No horizontal control stations were established for the NOAA survey. Additional information may be found in the NOAA Descriptive Report for survey H11319 and the Data Acquisition and Processing Report. Field activities 2009-002-FA and 2010-004-FA: Navigation was acquired with a Coda Octopus F180 Differential Global Positioning System + Wide Area Augmentation System (DGPS+WAAS), which is accurate to + or - 1 to 2 meters, horizontally. All DGPS data are referenced to WGS84. The SWATHPlus transducers were mounted on a rigid pole, approximately 2.46 m below the water line, along the starboard side of the M/V Megan T. Miller. The DGPS antenna was located on the same pole approximately 4.3m above the sea surface. These offsets were corrected within the SWATHPlus acquisition software. Field activity 2011-004-FA: Navigation was acquired with a Coda Octopus F180 Differential Global Positioning System + Wide Area Augmentation System (DGPS+WAAS), which is accurate to + or - 1 to 2 meters, horizontally. All DGPS data are referenced to WGS84. The SWATHPlus transducers were mounted on a rigid pole, approximately 2.17 m below the water line, along the port side of the M/V Scarlett Isabella. The DGPS antenna was located on the same pole approximately 4.6m above the sea surface. These offsets were corrected within the SWATHPlus acquisition software. The DGPS horizontal positional accuracy is estimated to be within 3-5 m; WAAS enabled DGPS accuracy is estimated to be within less than 3 m and the accuracy of RTK-GPS (which was not applied to the horizontal positions for these surveys) is estimated to be less than 1 m. However, the U.S. Coast Guard maintains a maritime DGPS service providing 10 meter accuracy for the coastal areas of the continental US; therefore, a very conservative, worse-case estimate of the horizontal positional accuracy of this survey data is approximately 10 meters (although these systems have been shown to be reliable to less than 2m). (sources: http://www.noaa.gov; http://www.nos.noaa.gov; http://www.ngs.noaa.gov; http://www.nstb.tc.faa.gov/; http://www.navcen.uscg.gov).
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Although the hillshade grid does not inherently contain an altitude or depth attribute, it does imply a relative vertical visual effect. The bathymetric grid from which it was derived is assumed to be vertically accurate to about 50cm (for additional information concerning vertical accuracy of the bathymetry data see metadata for BB_bathy5m - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1002/html/appendix1.html).
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Nearly all quality main survey line bathymetric data (generally shore parallel for the USGS surveys) that were collected within the Buzzards Bay survey area were incorporated into the bathymetric grid from which this hillshade was derived. Approximately 340 square-km of additional bathymetric data collected within Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts during these field activities were published in USGS Open-File Report 2012-1006 High-Resolution Geophysical Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1006/). The NOAA bathymetry was incorporated into the USGS bathymetry data to create a final bathymetric grid for the survey area. This hillshade represents both the USGS and NOAA bathymetric data.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    This hillshade is derived from a bathymetry grid that represents interpolated data; processed to account for gaps that occurred along-track and between adjacent lines.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints These data are NOT to be used for navigation. Mariners should refer to the appropriate nautical chart. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: Zip (WinZip v. 14.0) file containing the ArcRaster grid of swath bathymetric hillshade data from the Buzzards Bay survey area. This also includes associated metadata. in format AIG (version ArcGIS 9.3) Esri Raster GRID format Size: 12.8
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1002/GIS/raster/hlshd/bb_hlshd5m.zip
      Media you can order: DVD-ROM (Density 4.75 GB) (format UDF)
      Note: None
    • Cost to order the data: None

  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data are available as a ArcInfo 16-bit integer binary grid in Esri format. The grid consists of two folders, one with the "grid name", and one "info" folder. The two folders for each grid are compressed into one file using WinZip (ver. 14.0) software. To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and importing and viewing an Esri ArcRaster grid. The two folders for each grid must be uncompressed to the same folder. Extracting grids from different publications into the same folder is not recommended and will likely render some of your grids unusable. The zip file also contains associated metadata.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 18-Mar-2024
Metadata author:
Seth Ackerman
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA
USA

508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318)
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2012-1002/bb_hlshd5m.grd.faq.html>
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