Location of sound velocity profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2007, 2009, and 2011 in Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay, MA (Esri point shapefile, Geographic, WGS 84, SVPprofile_locs.shp)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Location of sound velocity profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2007, 2009, and 2011 in Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay, MA (Esri point shapefile, Geographic, WGS 84, SVPprofile_locs.shp)
Abstract:
These data were collected under a cooperative agreement between the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of seafloor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes due to natural or human impacts. The project is focused on the inshore waters of coastal Massachusetts, primarily in water depths of 2-30 meters. Data collected for the mapping cooperative have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/). The data collected in this study area are located in both Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound and are primarily in the shallow water areas around the eastern Elizabeth Islands and Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. The data include high resolution bathymetry, acoustic-backscatter intensity, sound velocity in water, seismic-reflection profiles, and navigation data. These data were collected during several cruises between 2007 and 2011 onboard the R/V Rafael using the following equipment: an SEA Ltd SwathPlus interferometric sonar (234 kHz), Klein 3000 dual frequency sidescan sonar, a boomer source and Geometrics 8-channel GeoEel streamer, a Knudsen 3200 subbottom profiling system, and 4 GPS antennae. More information about the cruises conducted as part of the project: Geologic Mapping of the Seafloor Offshore of Massachusetts can be found on the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Field Activity webpages: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2011-013-FA, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2009-068-FA, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2007-039-FA, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2010-100-FA, and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2010-047-FA.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, Location of sound velocity profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2007, 2009, and 2011 in Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay, MA (Esri point shapefile, Geographic, WGS 84, SVPprofile_locs.shp): Open-File Report 2013-1020, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Pendleton, Elizabeth A., Andrews, Brian D., Danforth, William W., and Foster, David S., 2014, High-resolution geophysical data collected aboard the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel Rafael to supplement existing datasets from Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2013-1020, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.812279
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.444494
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.543740
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.437657
  3. What does it look like?
    https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1020/GIS_catalog/svps/svp_locs.png (PNG)
    Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center sound velocity profile locations within Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay, MA
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 05-Nov-2007
    Ending_Date: 31-Aug-2011
    Currentness_Reference:
    Middle Ground data were collected on 20071105, 20071207, and 20090922. Survey 2011-013-FA was conducted 20110802 to 20110831. Data were not collected on 20110807, 20110812-20110815, 20110821, and 20110825-20110829 due to weather.
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity point (39)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Depth_System_Definition:
      Depth_Datum_Name: Local surface
      Depth_Resolution: 0.1
      Depth_Distance_Units: meters
      Depth_Encoding_Method: Attribute values
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    SVPprofile_locs
    Sound velocity profile locations (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: ESRI) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: ESRI) Coordinates defining the features.
    x
    Easting coordinate in UTM Zone 19 meters, WGS84 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:348594
    Maximum:379460
    Units:meters
    Resolution:1
    y
    Northing coordinate in UTM Zone 19 meters, WGS84 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:4588928
    Maximum:4600465
    Units:meters
    Resolution:1
    z
    depth of water at profile location based on fathometer reading in HYPACK. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7
    Maximum:25
    Units:meters
    Resolution:0.1
    cast
    Name of velocity profile used to distinguish between casts. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Sequential numbers used to distinguish sound velocity casts.
    jd
    Julian day data were collected (Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:214
    Maximum:341
    Units:day
    Resolution:1
    image
    Name of velocity profile PNG image used as hyperlink (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Sequential numbered names used to distinguish sound velocity casts.
    year
    Calendar year during which the velocity profile was collected (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2007
    Maximum:2011
    Units:year
    Resolution:1
    jdUTC
    julian day:HH:MM:SS (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) julian day and UTC time of profile collection

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2259 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    ependleton@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This dataset is used to display the locations of sound velocity profiles collected during USGS cruises within Vineyard Sounds and Buzzards Bay, MA. The information contained within the sound velocity profiles is needed to adequately account for refraction artifacts that may be present within raw swath bathymetric data. This dataset contains hyperlinks to graphs of the sound velocity profile at each station location, as well as location in easting and northing (UTM, Zone 19N, WGS84, meters), time of day and date.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Information unavailable from original metadata (source 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, unknown, Information unavailable from original metadata.

    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution:
    Sound velocity profiles are acquired in order to measure the speed of sound in the water column during survey operations. This information is used to help correct any refraction artifacts that may be present within the swath bathymetric data due to unaccounted for changes in the speed of sound throughout the water column.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2007 (process 1 of 6)
    Profiles were collected at least once during each survey day, and multiple times per day when the data suggested significant stratification within the water column. Sound velocity casts were collected using an Applied Microsystems SV Plus v2 instrument (see <http://www.appliedmicrosystems.com/products/productDetails.aspx?id=1> for details).
    At each station, the SV plus 2 was hand deployed and slowly lowered to the seafloor. The SV plus v2 was monitored by a member of the science party and as the instrument made contact with the seafloor, the position (i.e. location) and depth (based on fathaometer) was recorded in the lab using HYPACK navigation software. The position was then manually recorded within the cruise log and SWATHplus acquisition software. Upon recovery, the SV plus was connected to an onboard computer via serial port in order to download data using the SV plus v2 communications software, SmartTalk. Person who carried out this activity:
    Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700x2259 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    ependleton@usgs.gov
    Date: 2013 (process 2 of 6)
    The data were then exported in comma-delimited text format and imported to MATLAB (version R2011a). Graphs of the sound velocity profile (Pressure vs. speed of sound) at each station were created within MATLAB and exported as *.png files Person who carried out this activity:
    Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700x2259 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    ependleton@usgs.gov
    Date: 2013 (process 3 of 6)
    The location of each sound velocity profiles in eastings and northings (UTM, Zone 19N, meters, WGS84) was saved to a comma-separated value file (*.csv) along with station number, water depth at station, julian day and time, and survey id. The comma-separated text file was then imported to ArcMap 9.3 using 'Add XY data' and saved as points (UTM WGS84 Zone 19N) in the Esri shapefile format. The shapefile was then projected from WGS84 UTM Zone 19N to Geographic WGS84. Person who carried out this activity:
    Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700 x2259 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    ependleton@usgs.gov
    Date: 05-Oct-2017 (process 4 of 6)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.36 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Added the DOI link in the Identification section - both as the first link and as part of the Larger Work citation. Fixed the publication date and also the Larger Work citation title to match what is available online. Updated the link to the project page in the abstract as well as the field activity links. The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. Fixed a link in the distribution section. Removed the offline distribution. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 5 of 6)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 6 of 6)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Andrews, B.D., Ackerman, S.D., Baldwin, W.E., Foster, D.S., and Schwab, W.C., 2013, High-Resolution Geophysical Data From the Inner Continental Shelf at Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2012-1006, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Ackerman, S.D., Andrews, B.D., Foster, D.S., Baldwin, W.E., and Schwab, W.C., 2013, High-Resolution Geophysical Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2012-1002, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Pendleton, E.A., Twichell, D.C., Foster, D.S., Worley, C.R., Irwin, B.J., and Danforth, W.W., 2012, High-Resolution Geophysical Data From the Sea Floor Surrounding the Western Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2011-1184, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Turecek, A.M., Danforth, W.W., Baldwin, W.E., and Barnhardt, W.A., 2012, High-Resolution Geophysical Data Collected Within Red Brook Harbor, Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, in 2009: Open-File Report 2010-1091, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) navigation data were acquired with a Communications Systems International (CSI), Inc. LGBX Pro receiver and recorded with HYPACK (www.hypack.com). The CSI received positions from a DGPS antenna located on the port, aft roof of the R/V Rafael cabin. Ship location was used for the sound velocity deployments. The SV plus v2 sound velocity profiler was hand deployed. Once the system reached bottom, positions were read from HYPACK and stored. DGPS accuracy is 1 to 3 meters, depending on the distance from a US Coast Guard coastal repeater station. However, offsets from the location of hand-deployment and the DGPS antenna were not measured, and the ship is allowed to drift during deployment which can last several minutes depending on water depth. The horizontal accuracy of the sound velocity locations is considered to be +/- 50 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Water depth of the sound velocity profiles is recorded from the fathometer when GPS location of profile is recorded. Assumed vertical accuracy of the shipboard fathometer on the R/V Rafael is about .25 meters. However, vessel drift druing SVP deployment and recovery could add an additional meters of change in water depth. Water depth should be considered an approximation of water depth at the location of SVP deployment.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    All sound velocity profiles not associated with the patch test collected during cruises 2011-013-FA and 2009-068-FA are included in this Esri shapefile. For cruise 2007-039-FA, only data from JD 309 and JD341 were needed to complete the bathymetry coverage over middle ground. JD 304 and JD 305 were excluded from this report because the data were redundant and ran for swath system comparison tests.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    All sound velocity profiles were acquired with the same instrument; an Applied Microsystems SV plus v2.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Elizabeth A. Pendleton
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700x2259 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    ependleton@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) point shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from Esri at www.esri.com.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 08-Sep-2020
Metadata author:
Elizabeth Pendleton
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA

(508) 548-8700x2259 (voice)
(508) 457-2310 (FAX)
ependleton@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2013-1020/SVPprofile_locs.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Sep 21 18:20:39 2021