The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) is an airborne lidar system that provides unique capabilities to survey coral reefs, nearshore benthic habitats, coastal vegetation, and sandy beaches (Wright and Brock, 2002). Operating in the blue-green portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, the EAARL is specifically designed to measure submerged topography and adjacent coastal land elevations seamlessly in a single scan of transmitted laser pulses.

The Airborne Topographic Mapper 2 (ATM2) is part of NASA’s Airborne Topographic Mapper system, a series of scanning lidar instruments designed to measure Earth’s surface topography with high precision. ATM2 is one of the second-generation instruments in the ATM series, which was operational from the mid-1970s to 2022.

The Airborne Topographic Mapper 2 (ATM2) is part of NASA’s Airborne Topographic Mapper system, a series of scanning lidar instruments designed to measure Earth’s surface topography with high precision. ATM2 is one of the second-generation instruments in the ATM series, which was operational from the mid-1970s to 2022.

The Airborne Topographic Mapper 2 (ATM2) is part of NASA’s Airborne Topographic Mapper system, a series of scanning lidar instruments designed to measure Earth’s surface topography with high precision. ATM2 is one of the second-generation instruments in the ATM series, which was operational from the mid-1970s to 2022.

The Airborne Topographic Mapper 2 (ATM2) is part of NASA’s Airborne Topographic Mapper system, a series of scanning lidar instruments designed to measure Earth’s surface topography with high precision. ATM2 is one of the second-generation instruments in the ATM series, which was operational from the mid-1970s to 2022.

The Airborne Topographic Mapper 2 (ATM2) is part of NASA’s Airborne Topographic Mapper system, a series of scanning lidar instruments designed to measure Earth’s surface topography with high precision. ATM2 is one of the second-generation instruments in the ATM series, which was operational from the mid-1970s to 2022.

The Airborne Topographic Mapper 2 (ATM2) is part of NASA’s Airborne Topographic Mapper system, a series of scanning lidar instruments designed to measure Earth’s surface topography with high precision. ATM2 is one of the second-generation instruments in the ATM series, which was operational from the mid-1970s to 2022.

Lidar is an active remote sensing technology that uses laser pulses to measure distances to objects or surfaces. By calculating the time it takes for each laser pulse to travel to a target and return, lidar systems generate highly accurate 3D point clouds representing terrain, vegetation, and built structures. Vertical accuracy often within 10–15 cm.

Lidar is an active remote sensing technology that uses laser pulses to measure distances to objects or surfaces. By calculating the time it takes for each laser pulse to travel to a target and return, lidar systems generate highly accurate 3D point clouds representing terrain, vegetation, and built structures. Vertical accuracy often within 10–15 cm.

Lidar is an active remote sensing technology that uses laser pulses to measure distances to objects or surfaces. By calculating the time it takes for each laser pulse to travel to a target and return, lidar systems generate highly accurate 3D point clouds representing terrain, vegetation, and built structures. Vertical accuracy often within 10–15 cm.

Lidar is an active remote sensing technology that uses laser pulses to measure distances to objects or surfaces. By calculating the time it takes for each laser pulse to travel to a target and return, lidar systems generate highly accurate 3D point clouds representing terrain, vegetation, and built structures. Vertical accuracy often within 10–15 cm.