Salish Sea water level simulation projections: 2016-2099

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Eric E Grossman
Originator: Babak Tehranirad
Originator: Andrew W Stevens
Originator: Nathan R VanArendonk
Originator: Sean Crosby
Originator: Kees Nederhoff
Publication_Date: 20231211
Title: Salish Sea water level simulation projections: 2016-2099
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: netCDF
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI: 10.5066/P946SC3L

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P946SC3L
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Eric E Grossman
Originator: Babak Tehranirad
Originator: Andrew W Stevens
Originator: Nathan R VanArendonk
Originator: Sean Crosby
Originator: Kees Nederhoff
Publication_Date: 2023
Title: Salish Sea Hydrodynamic Model
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P946SC3L

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Grossman, E.E., Tehranirad, B., Stevens, A.W., VanArendonk, N.R., Crosby, S., and Nederhoff, K., 2023, Salish Sea Hydrodynamic Model: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P946SC3L.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P946SC3L

Description:

Abstract:

Simulations of the period 2016-2099 were conducted using the Salish Sea hydrodynamic model to evaluate extreme water levels associated with anticipated changes in sea level and climate forcing. The model projections accounting for sea level position, tides, remote sea-level anomalies, local winds and storm surge and stream flows as they affect water density. Dynamically downscaled Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) CMIP5 GFDL wind and atmospheric pressure fields were prescribed over the model open boundary and used to compute sea-level anomaly prescribed at the model ocean boundary. Simulations were made for eight different Sea-Level Rise (SLR) conditions, 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 5 meters relative to current conditions (1983-2001 epoch) and provided as time-series outputs along the -5 m depth isobath. Model inputs are also provided.

Purpose:

These data are intended for policy makers, resource managers, science researchers, students, and the general public. These data are not intended to be used for navigation.

Supplemental_Information:

This work is part of the ongoing coastal hazard modeling efforts for the State of Washington. For more information on CoSMoS implementation, see https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pcmsc/science/ps-cosmos-puget-sound-coastal-storm-modeling-system. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20151001
Ending_Date: 20990930

Currentness_Reference: time period for which the data were modeled

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -129.1400
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.1500
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 51.5700
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.0000

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)
Theme_Keyword: Hazards Planning
Theme_Keyword: Ocean Winds
Theme_Keyword: Extreme Weather

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Predictions

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: oceans

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: coastal processes
Theme_Keyword: Climate Change
Theme_Keyword: Storms
Theme_Keyword: Wind

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: numerical modeling
Theme_Keyword: water level measurements

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Distributions

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: PCMSC

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: State of Washington
Place_Keyword: Salish Sea
Place_Keyword: Puget Sound

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502?name=REMOVE.jpg&allowOpen=true

Browse_Graphic_File_Description: REMOVE
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Eric E Grossman
Originator: Babak Tehranirad
Originator: Kees Nederhoff
Originator: Sean Crosby
Originator: Andrew W Stevens
Originator: Nathan R VanArendonk
Originator: Daniel Nowacki
Originator: Li Erikson
Originator: Patrick Barnard
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:

Modeling extreme water levels in the Salish Sea: A new method for estimating sea level anomalies for application in hydrodynamic simulations

Other_Citation_Details:

Grossman, E.E., Tehranirad, B., Nederhoff, C.M., Crosby, S.C., Stevens, A.W., Van Arendonk, N.R., Nowacki, D.J., Erikson, L.H., Barnard, P.L. Modeling Extreme Water Levels in the Salish Sea: The Importance of Including Remote Sea Level Anomalies for Application in Hydrodynamic Simulations. Water 2023, 15, 4167. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15234167.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/w15234167.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Deltares
Publication_Date: 2020
Title: D-Flow Flexible Mesh User Manual (version 0.9.1)
Online_Linkage: https://oss.deltares.nl/web/delft3dfm/manuals

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Florent Lyard
Originator: Fabien Lefevre
Originator: Thierry Letellier
Originator: Oliver Francis
Publication_Date: 2006
Title: Modelling the global ocean tides: modern insights from FES2004
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-006-0086-x

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: C. Mass
Originator: E. Salathe
Originator: E. Steed
Originator: J. Baars
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:

Modeling extreme water levels in the Salish Sea: A new method for estimating sea level anomalies for application in hydrodynamic simulations

Other_Citation_Details:

Mass, C.F., Salathe Jr, E.P., Steed, R., Baars, J., 2022. The mesoscale response to global warming over the pacific northwest evaluated using a regional climate model ensemble. Journal of Climate 35, 2035–2053. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0061.1

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0061.1

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: S. Coles
Originator: J. Bawa
Originator: L. Trennar
Originator: P. Dorazio
Publication_Date: 2001
Title: An introduction to statistical modeling of extreme values.
Other_Citation_Details:

Coles, S., Bawa, J., Trenner, L., Dorazio, P., 2001. An introduction to statistical modeling of extreme values. volume 208. London. Springer.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3675-0.

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The Salish Sea model constructed with Delft3D has been validated with observations.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Data have undergone quality checks and meet standards. Missing data have been filled with NaN values.

Completeness_Report:

Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Data are concurrent with topobathymetric DEM locations that vary in accuracy cell be cell as reported in Tyler and others (2020).

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted for these future projections but are consistent with expected values and assumed comparable to validated accuracy Grossman and others (XXXX) and Grossman and others (2017¬–2020 validation simulations, this same data release).

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Tyler, D.J.
Originator: Danielson, J.J.
Originator: Grossman, E.E.
Originator: Hockenberry, R.J.
Publication_Date: 2020
Title: Topobathymetric Model of Puget Sound, Washington, 1887 to 2017
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster Digital Data Set
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P95N6CIT

Type_of_Source_Media: online database
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20200504

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Tyler and others (2020)
Source_Contribution: Elevations and bathymetry for US waters

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5
Publication_Date: 2021
Title: CMIP5 Wind and Sea Level Pressure Maps
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: netCDF files
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: CMIP5

Online_Linkage: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/

Type_of_Source_Media: online database
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20151001
Ending_Date: 20990930

Source_Currentness_Reference: time period for which the data were modeled

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: CMIP5
Source_Contribution: atmospheric and oceanic climate variables projections

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the Salish Sea constructed using the Delft3D Flexible Mesh (DFM) modeling suite (Deltares, 2020) was used to simulate water levels between October 1, 2016 and September 30, 2099. The model was configured and validated following Grossman and others (XXXX-manuscript) and Grossman and others (2017-2020 validation simulations, this same data release). Oceanic boundaries were forced using astronomic tidal constituents derived from the satellite-derived FES 2012 global tide model (Lyard and others, 2006) and sea-level anomaly was prescribed on the marine boundary using a sea-level anomaly predictor described in Grossman and others (XXXX) and Grossman and others (1985-2015 hindcast simulations, this same data release). Hourly wind and atmospheric pressure fields from the 12-km dynamically downscaled Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) CMIP5 GFDL model (Mass and others, 2022) were prescribed on the open boundary and to compute the SLA prescribed at the ocean boundary. Roughness values were calibrated to optimize tidal propagation.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: CMIP5
Process_Date: 20210630

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Annual Maxima/Generalized Extreme Value (AM/GEV) and peak-over-threshold/Generalized Pareto Distribution (POT/GPD) analyses following Coles and others (2001) were conducted on the simulated 2016-2099 water level results along the -5m isobath to estimate water level extreme recurrence. Water levels associated with the daily, annual, 5-yr, 10-yr, 20-yr, 50-yr and 100-yr recurrence for the time period 2016-2099 were computed for plausible sea level rise scenarios of 0m, 0.25m, 0.50m, 1.00m, 1.50m, 2.00m, 3.00m, and 5.00m anticipated by the year 2100.

Process_Date: 20211215

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference:

Zip files containing modeled extreme water levels along the -5 m isobath

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:

Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

netCDF files are self-contained and attribute information may be found in the header of the file itself. Attributes are latitude and longitude for each location, as well as significant water level time-series, tidal constituents' phases and amplitudes, and model input samples.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

The data are presented in three zipped datasets. The first two datasets contain extreme water levels along the 5m isobath of the Salish Sea using GEV (GEV_Salish_Sea_projected_extreme_WLs.zip) and GPD (GPD_Salish_Sea_projected_extreme_WLs.zip) analysis, respectively. The third file contains the model setup files (model-setup-files-projections-2016-2099.zip). E

Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: netCDF
Format_Information_Content:

File contains estimated extreme water level return periods for the Salish Sea using a GEV analysis on 2016-2099 projection results

File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip or archive utility
Transfer_Size: 494

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502?name=GEV_Salish_Sea_projected_extreme_WLs.zip

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P946SC3L

Access_Instructions:

Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name link then scrolling down to the appropriate Simulation Data section. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data. The second link points to a landing page with metadata and data. The third link points to the landing page for the entire data release.

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: netCDF
Format_Information_Content:

File contains estimated extreme water level return periods for the 5m depth contour of State of Washington within the Salish Sea using a GPD analysis on 2016-2099 projection results

File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip or archive utility
Transfer_Size: 0.6277

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502?name=GPD_Salish_Sea_projected_extreme_WLs.zip

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P946SC3L

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: netCDF and tab delimited
Format_Information_Content:

File contains boundary condition inputs for atmospheric pressure and wind forcing in the form of an example for the year 2017 sourced from the CMIP5 GFDL model and computed sea level anomaly time-series for the 2016_2099 projection period used to simulate water levels for water year 2017 using the Salish Sea Hydrodynamic model. Inputs files are to be used with the base Salish Sea Hydrodynamic model used for the 2017-2020 validation.

File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip or archive utility
Transfer_Size: 2930

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502?name=model_setup_files_projections2016-2099.zip

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63acc990d34e92aad3ca1502

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P946SC3L

Access_Instructions:

Fees: None.

Technical_Prerequisites:

These data can be viewed with any software that reads netCDF files, such as Mathworks MATLAB, Python, Panoply.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20231211
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P946SC3L/salish_sea_water_level_simulations2016-2099.html>