Radiocarbon age dating of biological material from cores collected off British Columbia, Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S. along the Queen Charlotte-Fairweather fault zone

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   McGann, Mary, Enkin, Randolph J., Hamilton, Tark S., Barrie, J. Vaughn, Brothers, Daniel S., Greene, H. Gary, Maier, Katherine L., Conrad, James E., Lauer, Rachel M., East, Amy E., Conway, Kim W., Neelands, Peter J., and Marcuson, Rachel K., 20240419, Radiocarbon age dating of biological material from cores collected off British Columbia, Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S. along the Queen Charlotte-Fairweather fault zone: data release DOI:10.5066/P96QMQJT, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P96QMQJT

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Suggested Citation: McGann, M., Enkin, R.J., Hamilton, T.S., Barrie, J.V., Brothers, D.S., Greene, H.G., Maier, K.L., Conrad, J.E., Lauer, R.M., East, A.E., Conway, K.W., Neelands, P.J., and Marcuson, R.K., 2024, Radiocarbon age dating of biological material from cores collected off British Columbia, Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S. along the Queen Charlotte-Fairweather fault zone: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P96QMQJT.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -137.041742
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -131.263070
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.312402
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 51.928137
   

3. What does it look like?
4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 18-Sep-2015

   Ending_Date: 29-Sep-2017

   Currentness_Reference:

   Ground condition at time data were collected.

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-separated values
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (257)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1927.
      The ellipsoid used is Clarke 1866.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378206.4.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/294.978698214.
      
7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   Attribute table

   Table containing attribute information associated with the data set (Source: Producer defined.)

   Sample_ID

   name of the sample (Source: Producer defined.) Unique alphanumeric identifier for the sample. It includes the year in which the cruise was undertaken (the first four digits), the number of the cruise that year (the next three digits), the institution that took the core (the Pacific Geoscience Centre of the Geological Survey of Canada, PGC), the station number (the next three digits), and the sample interval in cm. All samples are of mixed planktic foraminiferal species unless otherwise stated; others include benthic for benthic foraminiferal species, mollusc for pelecypod shell fragments, benthic infaunal for samples containing only benthic foraminiferal species that live infaunally, and TWIC for trigger weight core.

   NOSAMS_Accession_Number

   Lab specific ID from the National Ocean Sciences AMS (NOSAMS) facility of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. NAN indicates the parameter was not determined. (Source: Producer defined) List of lab IDs

   UCIAMS_Accession_Number

   Lab specific ID from the W.M. Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (UCIAMS) facility of the University of California Irvine. 9999 indicates the parameter was not determined. (Source: Producer defined) List of lab IDs

   Date_Collected

   Date (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2015-09-18
   Maximum:	2017-09-29
   Units:	YYYY-MM-DD

   Latitude

   Latitude of sample location (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	51.928137
   Maximum:	58.312402
   Units:	decimal degrees
   Resolution:	0.000001

   Longitude

   Longitude of sample location (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-137.041742
   Maximum:	-131.263070
   Units:	decimal degrees
   Resolution:	0.000001

   Site_Description

   Generalized geographic location (Source: Producer defined.) List of site geographic locations

   Water_Depth_m

   Water depth of core collection. (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	137
   Maximum:	2516
   Units:	meters
   Resolution:	1

   Sample_Type

   Type of sample collected (Source: Produce defined)

   Value	Definition
   PC	Sample collected with a piston core from a vessel
   TWC	Sample collected with a trigger weight core from a vessel
   IKU Grab	Sample collected with a 0.5 cubic meter IKU grab sampler from a vessel

   Station_ID

   Name of the station. (Source: Producer defined) Unique alphanumeric identifier for the station. It includes the year in which the cruise was undertaken (the first four digits), the cruise number for that year (the next three digits), the institution that took the core (the Pacific Geoscience Centre of the Geological Survey of Canada, PGC), and the station number (the last three digits).

   Core_Length_cm

   Length of core recovered in core. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	23
   Maximum:	517
   Units:	centimeters
   Resolution:	1

   Sample_Upper_Depth_Limit_cm

   Upper depth of sampling interval in core. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	513
   Units:	centimeters
   Resolution:	1

   Sample_Lower_Depth_Limit_cm

   Lower depth of sampling interval in core. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	515
   Units:	centimeters
   Resolution:	1

   Material_Radiocarbon_Dated

   Biological specimen type (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   mixed planktic foraminifera	radiocarbon date using the shells of different planktic foraminiferal species
   mixed benthic foraminifera	radiocarbon date using the shells of different benthic foraminiferal species
   pelecypod shell fragments	radiocarbon date using pelecypod shell fragments

   Radiocarbon_Sample_Weight_mg

   Weight of radiocarbon sample measured. 9999 indicates the parameter was not determined. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.84
   Maximum:	13.91
   Units:	milligrams
   Resolution:	0.01

   Fraction_Modern

   Fraction modern is a measurement of the deviation of the delta Carbon14 to delta Carbon12 ratio of a sample from modern carbon (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.0021
   Maximum:	1.0395
   Units:	unitless
   Resolution:	0.0001

   Fraction_Modern_Error

   Fraction modern error is a measurement of the deviation of the delta-Carbon14 to delta-Carbon12 ratio of a sample from modern carbon (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.0004
   Maximum:	0.0043
   Units:	unitless
   Resolution:	0.0001

   Conv_14C_Age_yrs_BP

   Conventional Radiocarbon Age calculated using the radiocarbon decay equation (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). The raw age calculated by multiplying -8033 times the natural log of the Fraction Modern as discussed at https://www2.whoi.edu/site/nosams/calculations-and-reporting-of-results/and is reported in years BP, with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950. Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850 and a raw age could not be determined. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	119
   Maximum:	49388
   Units:	years
   Resolution:	1

   Conv_14C_Age_Error

   Standard error for Conventional Radiocarbon Age as reported by NOSAMS or UCIAMS. The raw age error calculated by multiplying 8033 times the Fraction Modern Error divided by the Fraction Modern as discussed at https://www2.whoi.edu/site/nosams/calculations-and-reporting-of-results/and is reported in years BP, with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950. Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850 and a raw age error could not be determined. (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	15
   Maximum:	2487
   Units:	years
   Resolution:	1

   Delta_13C_per_mil

   delta 13C is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Carbon13 to Carbon12, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). 9999 indicates the parameter was not determined. (Source: standard reporting value in isotope chemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-3.22
   Maximum:	0.80
   Units:	parts per thousand (per mil)
   Resolution:	0.01

   Delta_14C_per_mil

   The relative difference between the absolute international standard (base year 1950) and sample activity corrected for age and delta Carbon13. (Source: defined in Stuiver and Polach (1977) and Stuiver (1980).)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-997.86
   Maximum:	31.14
   Units:	parts per thousand (per mil)
   Resolution:	0.01

   Paleoclimatic_period

   Time periods of distinct paleoclimatic conditions based on dates of planktic foraminifera occupying the water column. Benthic indicates a sample dated using benthic foraminifera and is based on marine bottom water carbon which is taken to not alter with the changing paleoclimate over the last ca. 50,000 years. (Source: defined in Schmuck and others (2021).)

   Value	Definition
   Bolling-Allerod interstade	dates older than 10,700 14C year BP, ca. 14,700-12,900 cal yr BP
   Younger Dryas stade	10,700-10,000 14C year BP, ca. 12,900-11,700 cal yr BP
   Early Holocene	10,000-8,000 14C year BP, 11,700-9000 cal yr BP
   Middle Holocene	8,000-2,000 14C year BP, 9000-2000 cal yr BP
   Late Holocene	2,000-200 14C year BP, 2000 cal yr BP to AD 1850
   Historic period	ages less than 200 14C year BP; ages less than AD 1850
   Modern	ages greater than AD 1850

   dR20_yrs_BP

   The value of the regional deviation from the ocean reservoir age as defined by Ingram and Southon (1996). Used the Marine20 calibration curve (delta R20) for the planktic foraminiferal samples, which varied depending upon the age of the sample. The following were applied: in the Bolling-Allerod interstade (dates older than 10,700 14C year BP, ca. 14,700-12,900 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to 575; in the Younger Dryas stade (10,700-10,000 14C year BP, ca. 12,900-11,700 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to -55; in the Early Holocene (10,000-8,000 14C year BP, 11,700-9000 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to 245; in the Middle Holocene (8,000-2,000 14C year BP, 9000-2000 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to 145; in the Late Holocene (2,000-200 14C year BP, 2000 cal yr BP to AD 1850), delta R20 equal to 140; and in the Historic period (ages less than 200 14C year BP or ages less than AD 1850), R20 equal to 235 (Schmuck and others, 2021). The pelecypods were considered to have lived at shallow depths and so the delta R20 values for the planktic foraminifera was applied to the dating of their shell fragments as well. For the benthic foraminiferal samples, a delta R20 equal to 860 was used for samples less than 42,000 years (Walczak and others, 2020). Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850 and a reservoir age could not be applied. (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-55
   Maximum:	860
   Units:	year
   Resolution:	5

   dR20_error_yrs_BP

   Error in the value of the regional deviation from the ocean reservoir age as defined by Ingram and Southon (1996). The regional marine radiocarbon reservoir correction error for dates older than 10,700 14C year BP is plus or minus 165 years; from 10,700-10,000 14C year BP, it is plus or minus 110 years; from about 10,000-8,000 14C year BP it is plus or minus 200 years, from 8,000-2,000 14C year BP it is plus or minus 165 years, from 2,000-200 14C year BP it is plus or minus 110 years, and a reservoir correction error factor of 95 was applicable for ages less than 200 years (Schmuck and others, 2021). The pelecypods were considered to have lived at shallow depths and so the delta R20 error values for the planktic foraminifera were applied to the dating of their shell fragments as well. For the benthic foraminiferal samples, the delta R20 error is plus or minus 330 years for samples less than 42,000 years (Walczak and others, 2020). Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850 and a reservoir age error could not be applied. (Source: Producer defined.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	95
   Maximum:	330
   Units:	year
   Resolution:	5

   Min_Calib_Age_cal_yrs_BP_95_percent_conf

   Minimum Calibration Age in calibrated years BP at the 95 percent confidence level with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950. Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850. Calculated using CALIB 8.2 software (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; website accessed in 2022 and 2023). (Source: defined in Stuiver and Reimer, 1993.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	46547
   Units:	year
   Resolution:	1

   Max_Calib_Age_cal_yrs_BP_95_percent_conf

   Maximum Calibration Age in calibrated years BP at the 95 percent confidence level with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950. Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850. Calculated using CALIB 8.2 software (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; website accessed in 2022 and 2023). (Source: defined in Stuiver and Reimer, 1993.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	300
   Maximum:	54990
   Units:	year
   Resolution:	1

   Med_Calib_Age_cal_yrs_BP_95_percent_conf

   Median Calibration Age in calibrated years BP at the 95 percent confidence level with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950. Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850. Calculated using CALIB 8.2 software (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; website accessed in 2022 and 2023). (Source: defined in Stuiver and Reimer, 1993.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	119
   Maximum:	50941
   Units:	year
   Resolution:	1

   Med_Calib_Age_Correc_Error_cal_yrs_BP

   Median Calibration Age error in calibrated years BP at the 95 percent confidence level with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950. Modern indicates an age greater than AD 1850. Calculated using CALIB 8.2 software (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; website accessed in 2022 and 2023). (Source: defined in Stuiver and Reimer, 1993.)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	111
   Maximum:	2505
   Units:	year
   Resolution:	1

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

   The first line of the comma-separated values file is a header line.

   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
   

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Mary McGann
   • Randolph J. Enkin
   • Tark S. Hamilton
   • J. Vaughn Barrie
   • Daniel S. Brothers
   • H. Gary Greene
   • Katherine L. Maier
   • James E. Conrad
   • Rachel M. Lauer
   • Amy E. East
   • Kim W. Conway
   • Peter J. Neelands
   • Rachel K. Marcuson
2. Who also contributed to the data set?
3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   650-329-4979 (voice)

   pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 2015 (process 1 of 2)

   Piston cores, trigger weight cores, and IKU grab samples were collected by personnel from the Pacific Geoscience Centre of the Geological Survey of Canada (PGC) on two cruises (in 2015 and 2017) while onboard the CCGS John P. Tully as part of joint operations by the PGC and the USGS (personnel from Santa Cruz, California and Menlo Park, California). Cores and grab samples were taken in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean off Canada and Alaska along the Queen Charlotte/Fairweather Fault. The cores and grab samples were returned to the PCG facility in Sidney, British Columbia, Canada and placed in a core refrigerator.

   Date: 2018 (process 2 of 2)

   Samples for radiocarbon analysis were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at the National Ocean Sciences AMS (NOSAMS) facility of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the W.M. Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility (UCIAMS) at the University of California Irvine. The radiocarbon ages were obtained by a ratio of 14C to 12C using a 14C half-life of 5568 years (Stuiver and Polach, 1977) and then were converted to calibrated calendar ages (cal years BP), with BP (Before Present) equal to 1950, using the CALIB 8.2 program (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; website accessed in 2022 and 2023) and the Marine20 calibration curve (Heaton and others, 2020). The calibrated ages are reported as the minimum, maximum, and median probability ages at the 95 percent confidence level. The regional marine radiocarbon reservoir correction as defined by Ingram and Southon (1996), using the Marine20 calibration curve (delta R20) for the planktic foraminiferal samples, varied depending upon the age of the sample. The following were used: in the Bolling-Allerod interstade (dates older than 10,700 14C year BP, ca. 14,700-12,900 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to 575 plus or minus 165 years; in the Younger Dryas stade (10,700-10,000 14C year BP, ca. 12,900-11,700 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to negative 55 plus or minus 110 years; in the Early Holocene (10,000-8,000 14C year BP, 11,700-9000 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to 245 plus or minus 200 years; in the Middle Holocene (8,000-2,000 14C year BP, 9000-2000 cal yr BP), delta R20 equal to 145 plus or minus 165 years; in the Late Holocene (2,000-200 14C year BP, 2000 cal yr BP to AD 1850), delta R20 equal to 140 plus or minus 110 years; and the Historic period (ages less than 200 14C year BP, ages less than AD 1850),delta R20 equal to 235 plus or minus 95 years (Schmuck and others, 2021). The pelecypods were considered to have lived at shallow depths and so the delta R20 values for the planktic foraminifera was applied to the dating of their shell fragments as well. For the benthic foraminiferal samples, a delta R20 equal to 860 plus or minus 330 years was used for samples less than 42,000 years (Walczak and others, 2020).

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
   Stuiver, M., and Polach, H.A., 1977, Discussion: reporting of 14C data.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200003672

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Stuiver, M., and Polach, H.A., 1977, Discussion: Reporting of 14C data: Radiocarbon, v. 19, p. 355-363.

   Stuiver, M., 1980, Workshop on 14C data reporting.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200010389

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Stuiver, M., 1980, Workshop on 14C data reporting. Radiocarbon, v. 2, p. 964-966.

   Ingram, B.L., and Southon, J.R., 1996, Reservoir ages in eastern Pacific coastal and estuarine waters.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200030101

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Ingram, B.L., and Southon, J.R., 1996, Reservoir ages in eastern Pacific coastal and estuarine water: Radiocarbon, v. 38, p. 573-582.

   Stuiver, M., and Reimer, P.J., 1993, CALIB rev.8..

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200013904

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Stuiver, M., and Reimer, P.J., 1993: Radiocarbon, v. 35, p. 215-230.

   Heaton, T.J., Kohler, P., Butzin, M., Bard, E., Reimer, R.W., Austin, W.E.N., Ramsey, C. Bronk, Grootes, P.M., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., Reimer, P.J., Adkins, J., Burke, A., Cook, M.S., Olsen, J., and Skinner, L.C., 2020, The marine radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55,000 ca BP).

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.68

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Heaton, T.J., Kohler, P., Butzin, M., Bard, E., Reimer, R.W., Austin, W.E.N., Bronk Ramsey, C., Grootes, P.M., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., Reimer, P.J., Adkins, J., Burke, A., Cook, M.S., Olsen J., and Skinner, L.C., 2020, Marine20 - The marine radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55,000 ca BP): Radiocarbon, v. 62, p. 779-820.

   Walczak, M.H., Mix, A.C., Cowan, E.A., Fallon, S., Fifield, L.K., Alder, J.R., Du, J., Haley, B., Hobern, T., Padman, J., Praetorius, S.K., Schmittner, A., Stoner, J.S., and Zellers, S.D., 2020, Discussion: reporting of 14C data.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba7096

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Walczak, M.H., Mix, A.C., Cowan, E.A., Fallon, S., Fifield, L.K., Alder, J.R., Du, J., Haley, B., Hobern, T., Padman, J., Praetorius, S.K., Schmittner, A., Stoner, J.S., Zellers, S.D., 2020. Phasing of millennial-scale climate variability in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans: Science, v. 370, no. 6516, p. 716-720.

   Schmuck, N., Reuther, J., Baichtal, J.F., and Carlson, R.J., 2021, Discussion: Quantifying marine reservoir effect variability along the northwest coast of North America.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi:10.1017/qua.2020.131

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Schmuck, N., Reuther, J., Baichtal, J.F., and Carlson, R.J., 2021, Quantifying marine reservoir effect variability along the northwest coast of North America: Quaternary Research, v. 103, p. 160-181.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   The age and associated error of the radiocarbon ages are calculated from the fraction modern and its error and the ages are reported according to conventions that the radiocarbon community has adopted. The Conventional Radiocarbon Age is always reported rounded (the NOSAMS convention is reported at https://www2.whoi.edu/site/nosams/calculations-and-reporting-of-results). The fraction modern values and the ages are listed in this data release, so there can be no misinterpretations of these data. The age for the calibration (not rounded) can be calculated using -8033 multiplied by the log normal of the fraction modern and those data have been included herein.
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy was determined with the ship's Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine Bridgemaster navigational radar operating on the X and S-bands which have 1 degree and 2 degrees horizontal beamwidths, respectively. Also use Radar Loran SatNav Gyro DopLog, with 1-Trimble XL-GPS Global Positioning System with a scan range of 0.6-80 m.
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Depth was determined using a using two Elac - LAZ-5100 echosounder systems with a stated accuracy of better than plus or minus 1 percent of the depth reading.
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   Data were checked for logical consistency by the NOSAMS and UCIAMS staffs before release, and by the USGS staff compiling this data release, to confirm that numerical values were not outside a reasonable range for a particular field.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

   Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

   Denver, CO
   

   1-888-275-8747 (voice)

   sciencebase@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in a comma-delimited text file (QCF_Agedata.csv) which contains results from radiocarbon age dating of biological material from cores collected off British Columbia, Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S. along the Queen Charlotte-Fairweather fault zone.
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
   Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	.csv file in format comma-separated values (version Microsoft Excel 16.82 for Mac) Size: 0.063600
     Network links:	https://doi.org/10.5066/P96QMQJT https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63dd38c1d34e9fa19a9ad043

   • Cost to order the data: None.

5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
   These data can be viewed with any text editor software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 19-Apr-2024

Metadata author:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)

pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)