Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean

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What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   Favela, Jaycee, Mizell, Kira, Gartman, Amy, and Hein, James R., 20240702, Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean: data release DOI: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E6IZIZ, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E6IZIZ

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Suggested Citation: Favela, J., Mizell, K., Gartman, A., and Hein, J.R., 2024, Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E6IZIZ.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: 153.992
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: 171.990
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 81.312
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 76.263
   

3. What does it look like?
4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 12-Aug-2008

   Ending_Date: 09-May-2023

   Currentness_Reference:

   Date that the samples were collected through last process step was completed

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (61)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
      
7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   ArcticOcean_marine_minerals_geochem_data.csv

   Comma-delimited file containing results from geochemical analyses of ferromanganese crusts at the latitude, longitude, and water depth of each sample location. (Source: Producer defined)

   Cruise_ID

   Lists the alphanumeric cruise identifier for the expedition during which the sample was collected (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   HYL0805	Cruise ID for 2008 USCGC Healy cruise. USGS FAN H108AR
   HLY0905	Cruise ID for 2009 USCGC Healy cruise. USGS FAN H609AR.
   HLY1202	Cruise ID for 2012 USCGC Healy cruise. USGS FAN H3812AR

   Sample_ID

   The sample and dredge ID for each sample (Source: Producer defined) Unique sample names may include a dredge number (D, denoting dredge, followed by a letter and number) and a further dashed number and/or letter(s) to denote the sample number.

   Genetic_Type

   The genetic type for each mineral sample (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   hydrogenetic crust	this sample/subsample is a hydrogenetic ferromanganese crust and was precipitated predominantly from seawater
   hydrogenetic nodule	this sample/subsample is a hydrogenetic ferromanganese nodule and was precipitated predominantly from seawater
   hydrothermal mudstone	this sample/subsample is a hydrothermally mineralized mudstone and hydrothermal fluid contributed to sample formation.
   hydrothermal ironstone	this sample/subsample is a hydrothermally mineralized ironstone and hydrothermal fluid contributed to sample formation.
   hydrothermal breccia	this sample/subsample is a hydrothermally mineralized breccia and hydrothermal fluid contributed to sample formation.
   hydrothermal	this sample/subsample is a hydrothermally mineralized sample and hydrothermal fluid contributed to sample formation.

   Sample_Type

   Description of sample material (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   bulk	this is a bulk sample
   calculated bulk	the sample calculated bulk geochemistry determined using the chemical data for megascopic layers through the entire crust thickness and weighting layer chemical data by layer thickness
   nodule	this is a spherical nodule sample
   layer	this is a layer sample
   cement	the is a sample of cement that holds together clasts in a breccia
   laminae	this is a laminae sample

   Sample_Depth_Interval_cm

   The depth interval, measured in millimeters from the top of the stratigraphic section, that encompasses each rock layer sample. -9999 indicates that there is no depth measurement for the sample. (Source: Producer defined) Sample and layer subsample intervals are listed as ranges of integer values that represent the depth in millimeters below the surface

   Latitude

   Latitude at which sample was collected (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	76.263
   Maximum:	81.312
   Units:	decimal degrees
   Resolution:	0.001

   Longitude

   Longitude at which sample was collected (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	153.992
   Maximum:	160.050
   Units:	decimal degrees
   Resolution:	0.001

   Water_Depth_m

   Water depth in meters at which the sample was collected. Depth information for samples was collected using ship sonar technology. Depth values were taken from accompanying publications (Hein and others, 2017; Hein and others, XXXX)[CSA1][FJJ2][CSA3]. Average depth is reported for samples collected with a dredge. (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1335
   Maximum:	3720
   Units:	meters (m)
   Resolution:	1

   Fe_ppm

   Iron concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	114000
   Maximum:	530000
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Mn_ppm

   Manganese concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1200
   Maximum:	146480
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Si_ppm

   Silicon concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	39622
   Maximum:	187000
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Al_ppm

   Aluminum concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	5000
   Maximum:	80600
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Mg_ppm

   Magnesium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	7000
   Maximum:	32800
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Ca_ppm

   Calcium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1600
   Maximum:	20676
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Na_ppm

   Sodium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	900
   Maximum:	22790
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   K_ppm

   Potassium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	400
   Maximum:	20400
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Ti_ppm

   Titanium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2500
   Maximum:	5800
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   P_ppm

   Phosphorus concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1400
   Maximum:	6777
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   S_ppm

   Sulfur concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	303
   Maximum:	4870
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   LOI_ppm

   Loss on ignition when heated to 1000 C for each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	111000
   Maximum:	336000
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   H2OM_ppm

   Quantity of H2O-, or sorbed water, in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	11000
   Maximum:	205000
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   H2OP_ppm

   Quantity of H2O+, or structural water, in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	7000
   Maximum:	115000
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Ag_ppm

   Silver concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.04
   Maximum:	1.10
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   As_ppm

   Arsenic concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	163.0
   Maximum:	1747.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Ba_ppm

   Barium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	35
   Maximum:	1507
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Be_ppm

   Berrylium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.4
   Maximum:	16.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Bi_ppm

   Bismuth concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.4
   Maximum:	9.6
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Cd_ppm

   Cadmium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.3
   Maximum:	6.9
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Cl_ppm

   Chlorine concentration in each sample. Values of -7777 indicate that the measurement for an analyte was above the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	306
   Maximum:	19784
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Co_ppm

   Cobalt concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	8
   Maximum:	3622
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Cr_ppm

   Chromium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	19.4
   Maximum:	186.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Cs_ppm

   Caesium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.2
   Maximum:	5.7
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Cu_ppm

   Copper concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	16
   Maximum:	957
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Ga_ppm

   Gallium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	3
   Maximum:	26
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Ge_ppm

   Germanium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.3
   Maximum:	0.8
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Hf_ppm

   Hafnium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.0
   Maximum:	14.9
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Hg_ppm

   Mercury concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	0.22
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   In_ppm

   Indium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.03
   Maximum:	0.46
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Li_ppm

   Lithium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	10.0
   Maximum:	292.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Mo_ppm

   Molybdenum concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	46
   Maximum:	468
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Nb_ppm

   Niobium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.9
   Maximum:	93.1
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Ni_ppm

   Nickel concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	45
   Maximum:	5663
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Pb_ppm

   Lead concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	4
   Maximum:	559
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Rb_ppm

   Rubidium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.9
   Maximum:	81.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Sb_ppm

   Antimony concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	5
   Maximum:	108
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Sc_ppm

   Scandium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	11.0
   Maximum:	60.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Se_ppm

   Selenium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.2
   Maximum:	1.1
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Sn_ppm

   Tin concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.4
   Maximum:	18.6
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Sr_ppm

   Strontium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	60
   Maximum:	981
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Ta_ppm

   Tantalum concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.13
   Maximum:	1.53
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Te_ppm

   Tellurium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.7
   Maximum:	51.3
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Th_ppm

   Thorium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.5
   Maximum:	111.1
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Tl_ppm

   Thallium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	223
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   U_ppm

   Uranium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.5
   Maximum:	16.6
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   V_ppm

   Vanadium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	205
   Maximum:	1228
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   W_ppm

   Tungsten concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2
   Maximum:	118
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Zn_ppm

   Zinc concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	92
   Maximum:	453
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   Zr_ppm

   Zirconium concentration in each sample. Values of-9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	39
   Maximum:	517
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	1

   La_ppm

   Lanthanum concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	21.4
   Maximum:	395.2
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Ce_ppm

   Cerium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	31.4
   Maximum:	2017.9
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Pr_ppm

   Praseodymium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	5.8
   Maximum:	113.9
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Nd_ppm

   Neodyium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	22.9
   Maximum:	456.7
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Sm_ppm

   Samarium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	5.5
   Maximum:	110.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Eu_ppm

   Europium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.59
   Maximum:	25.26
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Gd_ppm

   Gadolinium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	6.4
   Maximum:	102.2
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Tb_ppm

   Terbium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.98
   Maximum:	16.78
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Dy_ppm

   Dysprosium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	6.4
   Maximum:	89.1
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Y_ppm

   Yttrium content in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	38.8
   Maximum:	355.6
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Ho_ppm

   Holmium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.34
   Maximum:	17.44
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Er_ppm

   Erbium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	4.0
   Maximum:	45.7
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Tm_ppm

   Thulium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.55
   Maximum:	7.10
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.01

   Yb_ppm

   Ytterbium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	3.7
   Maximum:	42.0
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Lu_ppm

   Lutetium concentration in each sample. (Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.5
   Maximum:	6.7
   Units:	parts per million
   Resolution:	0.1

   Fe_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for iron concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Mn_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for manganese concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Si_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for silicon concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Al_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for aluminum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Mg_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for magnesium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ca_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for calcium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Na_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for sodium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   K_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for potassium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ti_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for titanium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   P_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for phosphorus concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   S_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for sulfur concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   LOI_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for loss on ignition based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   H2OM_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for H2O-, or sorbed water, concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   H2OP_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for H2O+, or structural water, concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ag_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for silver concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   As_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for arsenic concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ba_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for barium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Be_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for beryllium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Bi_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for bismuth concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Cd_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for cadmium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Cl_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for chlorine concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Co_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for cobalt concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Cr_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for chromium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Cs_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for cesium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Cu_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for copper concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ga_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for gallium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ge_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for germanium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Hf_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for hafnium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Hg_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for mercury concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   In_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for indium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Li_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for lithium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Mo_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for molybdenum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Nb_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for niobium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ni_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for nickel concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Pb_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for lead concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Rb_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for rubidium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Sb_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for antimony concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Sc_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for scandium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Se_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for selenium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Sn_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for tin concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Sr_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for strontium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ta_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for tantalum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Te_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for tellurium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Th_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for thorium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Tl_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for thallium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   U_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for uranium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   V_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for vanadium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   W_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for tungsten concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Zn_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for zinc concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Zr_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for zirconium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   La_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for lanthanum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ce_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for cerium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Pr_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for praseodymium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Nd_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for neodymium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Sm_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for samarium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Eu_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for europium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Gd_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for gadolinium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Tb_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for terbium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Dy_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for dysprosium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Y_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for yttrium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Ho_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for holmium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Er_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for erbium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Tm_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for thulium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Yb_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for ytterbium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Lu_Detection_ppm

   The detection limit for lutetium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Values of -9999 indicate that the detection limit was not available. (Source: Producer defined) Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million

   Fe_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure iron concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   mass balance	determined by mass balance because analyte was over detection

   Mn_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure manganese concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Si_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure silicon concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Al_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure aluminum concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Mg_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure magnesium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ca_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure calcium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Na_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure sodium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   K_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure potassium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ti_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure titanium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   P_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure phosphorus concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   S_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure sulfur concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   LOI_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure loss on ignition (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   XRF76Z	Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   H2OM_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure H2O-, or sorbed water, concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   PHY08D	Percent moisture determined by gravimetric analysis by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   H2OP_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure H2O+, or structural water, concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   PHY09B	Penfield tube analysis by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ag_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure silver concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   As_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure aresenic concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ba_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure barium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Be_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure beryllium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Bi_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure bismuth concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Cd_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure cadmium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Cl_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure chlorine concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ISE08B	Ion selective electrode by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Co_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure cobalt concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Cr_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure chromium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Cs_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure caesium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95A	Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Cu_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure copper concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95A	Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ga_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure gallium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ge_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure germanium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Hf_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure hafnium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Hg_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure mercury concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   CVA14C	Cold-Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   In_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure indium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Li_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lithium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Mo_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure molybdenum concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95A	Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Nb_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure niobium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ni_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure nickel concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95A	Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Pb_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lead concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Rb_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure rubidium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Sb_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure antimony concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Sc_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure scandium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Se_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure selenium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   HAS40B	Hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Sn_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tin concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Sr_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure strontium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ta_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tantalum concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Te_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tellurium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   HAS40B	Hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Th_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure thorium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Tl_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure thallium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   U_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure uranium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   V_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure vanadium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95A	Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   W_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tungsten concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Zn_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure zinc concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   ICM40B	Four acid digestion combined ICP-AES and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Zr_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure zirconium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95A	Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   La_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lanthanum concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ce_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure cerium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Pr_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure praseodymium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Nd_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure neodymium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Sm_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure samarium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Eu_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure europium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Gd_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure gadolinium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Tb_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure terbium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Dy_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure dysprosium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Y_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure yttrium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Ho_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure holmium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Er_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure erbium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Tm_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure thulium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Yb_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure ytterbium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Lu_method

   An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lutetium concentration. (Source: Producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   IMS95R	Lithium metaborate fusion by SGS Minerals analytical labs

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
   

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Jaycee Favela
   • Kira Mizell
   • Amy Gartman
   • James R. Hein
2. Who also contributed to the data set?
3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   831-427-4747 (voice)

   pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

   geochemistry (source 1 of 1)

   SGS Minerals Laboratory, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, 2017, Geochemical Element Analysis.

   Online Links:

   • https://www.sgs.ca/en/mining/analytical-services/geochemistry

   Type_of_Source_Media: geochemical analyses
   Source_Contribution:

   Fe, Mn, Si, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, Ti, and LOI were determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) on borate fused disks; S, Ag, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Hf, In, Li, Nb, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sn, Sr, Th, Tl, U, W, and Zn were determined by four acid digestion combined ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry) and ICP-MS; H2OM percent moisture was determined by gravimetric analysis and H2OP percent moisture was determined by gravimetric analysis; Cl was determined by ion selective electrode; Hg was determined by Cold-Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Se and Te were determined by Hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); Cs, Cu, Mo, Ni, V, and Zr were determined by lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digest and ICPMS; Rare Earth Elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) and Y (REY) were determined by lithium metaborate fusion.

2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 01-Jan-2014 (process 1 of 3)

   USGS scientists received these donated samples from the USCGC icebreaker Healy cruises HLY0805, HLY0905, and HLY1202. Samples were sent to USGS for subsampling and major and trace element geochemical analyses.

   Date: 01-Jan-2016 (process 2 of 3)

   At USGS, bulk portions, individual layers, or other parts of sample were sampled using a ceramic knife and then ground using an agate mortar and pestle to approximately 75 micrometers. Powdered samples were then sent by USGS to commercial analytical labs, SGS Mineral Laboratory. See Source Citations for information on geochemical techniques.

   Date: 09-May-2023 (process 3 of 3)

   Results from the lab analyses, detection limits, analytical method information, location data, and sample information were combined into a comma-delimited text values document (ArcticOcean_marine_minerals_geochem_data.csv). Data sources used in this process:

   • geochemistry

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
   Hein, James R, Konstantinova, Natalia, Mikesell, Mariah, Mizell, Kira, Fitzsimmons, Jessica N, Lam, Phoebe, Jensen, Laramie, Xiang, Yang, Gartman, Amy, Cherkashov, Georgy, Hutchinson, Deborah R, and Till, Claire P, 2017, Arctic Deep Water Ferromanganese-Oxide Deposits Reflect the Unique Characteristics of the Arctic Ocean.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007186

   Other_Citation_Details:

   These data provide the foundation for this manuscript: Hein, J.R., Konstantinova, N., Mikesell, M., Mizell, K., Fitzsimmons, J.N., Lam, P., Jensen, L., Xiang, Y., Gartman, A., Cherkashov, G., Hutchinson, D.R., and Till, C.P., 2017, Arctic deep water ferromanganese-oxide deposits reflect the unique characteristics of the Arctic Ocean: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 18, p. 3771-3800, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007186.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   All geochemistry data were calibrated against certified reference materials. The instruments and techniques used to generate the geochemical data are included in the data table. Limits for each analyte's detection by an instrument are reported in the table. The value -8888 indicates that the measurement for an analyte was below the detection limit and the value -7777 indicates that the measurement for an analyte was above the detection limit. Values of -9999 for concentration attributes indicate that no analysis was performed. Values of -9999 for detection limit attributes indicate that no information was available. Values of Nan for method attributes indicate that no information was available in columns containing text. Reproducibility for the samples in this set was better than 5 percent for all elements except Ta, Ba, Ag, Tb, and H2O+, which range from 5 percent to 8 percent, and Sn, 12 percent. Accuracy is better than 5 percent for Si, Fe, Al, Mg, Y, Mn, Tm, Gd, K, La, Li, Pr, Yb, Bi, Ho, Th, P, Tb, Cl, Sr, Ce, Sb, Dy, Na, and Eu; 5-7 percent for Sm, Lu, Er, Hg, Hf, In, Nb, Nd, Ba, Rb, Sn, Ca, As, and W; 7-10 percent for Te, Ag, U, Zr, Ti, Co, Ni, and Cs; and 10-15 percent for the others, except Ta and Ga are 18 percent and 20 percent respectively.
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy was determined with the ship's GPS navigation, which is accurate to less than 5 m.
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   Depth information for samples was collected using ship sonar technology. Depth values were taken from accompanying publications (Hein and others, 2017; Hein and others, XXXX). Average depth is reported for samples collected with a dredge. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has not been conducted.
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Many samples do not have chemistry data because analyses were performed on representative samples only. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   831-427-4747 (voice)

   pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in .csv format contained in a single file.
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
   Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	File contains table in .csv format in format comma-delimited text (version Microsoft Excel 16.16.17 for Mac) Size: 0.06815
     Network links:	https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/641c78bcd34e807d39b647e7 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E6IZIZ

   • Cost to order the data: None.

5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
   These data can be viewed with Microsoft Excel or any text reader.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 02-Jul-2024

Metadata author:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)

pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)