Reference marks, walking GPS surveys, CoastCam GCPs, and instrument location data in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina in November 2020, April, September, and October 2021

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Reference marks, walking GPS surveys, CoastCam GCPs, and instrument location data in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina in November 2020, April, September, and October 2021
Abstract:
The data in this part of the release contains GPS data as reference marks, walking surveys, and location data of deployed beach instrumentation on Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge (PINWR) at the USGS DUring Nearshore Event eXperiment (DUNEX) site and at Basnight Bridge (BB), NC. DUNEX is a multi-agency, academic, and non-governmental organization collaborative community experiment designed to study nearshore coastal processes during storm events. USGS participation in DUNEX will contribute new measurements and models that will increase our understanding of storm impacts to coastal environments, including hazards to humans and infrastructure and changes in landscape and natural habitats. Collected data are part of field activity 2021-029-FA and donated data 2020-024-DD. During November 2020, April, September, and October 2021, USGS and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) scientists conducted multiple field surveys to collect a topobathy elevation time series. Two new reference marks were established in the Pea Island Boat Ramp parking lot to establish ground control for the duration of the project. GPS data were collected using real time kinematic (RTK) and post-processing kinematic (PPK) – satellite navigation system (GNSS) receivers.
Supplemental_Information:
For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity and Donated Data, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2021-029-FA and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2020-024-DD. Information about the DUNEX project is available at https://usgs.gov/dunex2021. The bounding coordinates below represent the maximum extents of the collected GPS data.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Over, Jin-Si R., Traykovski, Peter A., Sherwood, Christopher R., Randall, Noa R., and Olson, Alex J., 20220607, Reference marks, walking GPS surveys, CoastCam GCPs, and instrument location data in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina in November 2020, April, September, and October 2021: data release DOI:10.5066/P9DPZZG2, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Over, Jin-Si R., Sherwood, Christopher R., Traykovski, Peter A., Brosnahan, Sandra M., Olson, Alex J., and Randall, Noa R., 2022, DUNEX topographic, bathymetric, and supporting GPS data collected in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina 2020-2021: data release DOI:10.5066/P9DPZZG2, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., Traykovski, P.A., Olson, A., Randall, N., Bales, R., and Brosnahan, S.M., 2022, DUNEX topographic, bathymetric, and supporting GPS data collected in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina 2020-2021: U.S Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DPZZG2.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.52503954
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.47677200
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.76602575
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.67120749
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/623dd650d34e915b67d698aa?name=PINWR_GPS_browse.jpg&allowOpen=true (JPEG)
    Base station SP80 on top of Reference Mark (RM)1 and RM2 (top left and right), a stationary target in view of the CoastCam (bottom left), and part of the cross-shore array instruments on poles (bottom right).
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 22-Nov-2020
    Currentness_Reference:
    Ground condition; GPS data collected on twenty days.
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set.
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 18
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.001
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.001
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011).
      The ellipsoid used is GRS_1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 using Geoid 18
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:
      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    2021029FA_PINWR_GPS_instrumentLocations.csv, 2021029FA_PINWR_CoastCam_GCPs.csv, and CSV files within PINWR_GPS_walkingSurveys.zip
    Positions, elevations, and attributes of installed equipment, stationary and plywood targets, and point data from walking GPS surveys. Attributes are given as if all CSV files were in one file. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    INFO
    USGS Number of Field Activity or Donated Data (Source: USGS) Character string.
    GPS
    Equipment distinction, information was either collected with the SP80 (RTK), JAVAD Triumph-2 (PPK), or with the Garmin hand-held (Garmin) (Source: USGS) Character string.
    Date
    Date measurements were taken, in YYYYMMDD (Source: USGS) Character string.
    Attributes
    Identification of surveyed equipment (see process description), stationary GCP (F##), plywood target (P#), or walking survey (WS#) point. Duplicate numbers may exist if same item or similar type of point was surveyed on a different date. (Source: USGS) Character string.
    Latitude
    Estimated position in decimal degrees (NAD83[2011]). (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:35.67120749
    Maximum:35.76602575
    Units:decimal degrees
    Longitude
    Estimated position in decimal degrees (NAD83(2011)). Negative values represent W. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-75.52503954
    Maximum:-75.44767720
    Units:decimal degrees
    Ellipsoid_height_NAD83
    Estimated vertical position based on the NAD83(2011) reference ellipsoid. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-43.545
    Maximum:-32.050
    Units:meters
    Northing
    Estimated Y position in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3947587.088
    Maximum:3958124.892
    Units:meters
    Easting
    Estimated X position in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:452539.837
    Maximum:456855.185
    Units:meters
    Orthometric_height_NAVD88
    Estimated vertical position using NAVD88 (Geoid 18). (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-4.700
    Maximum:6.795
    Units:meters
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    These attribute definitions describe each column of information in the CSV files. Range domains are based off of all the CSV files. The ‘no data’ value is NA.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activity 2021-029-FA and donated data 2020-024-DD.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Jin-Si R. Over
    • Peter A. Traykovski
    • Christopher R. Sherwood
    • Noa R. Randall
    • Alex J. Olson
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Jin-Si R. Over
    U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    U.S. Geological Survey 384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2269 (voice)
    jover@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

Reference data and GPS data are for general geospatial use and to provide extrinsic calibration data for the stereo cameras, see DUNEX project link for more information. Walking surveys can be used as QC for the structure from motion products and to create terrain models.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2021 (process 1 of 3)
    Two PK nail reference marks, for use in QA/QC and keeping the base station in a consistent location for the length of the field activity, were established in the parking lot of the Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge boat launch. Each nail was occupied with the SP80 base station tripod for at least two hours three times. GPS location data from the SP80 was converted to RINEX using RINEX Converter v 5.0.8 (https://spectrageospatial.com/survey-office/) and parsed in teqc (https://www.unavco.org/software/data-processing/teqc/teqc.html, accessed February 2021) to be uploaded to OPUS (https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/) at least 48 hours after collection date. OPUS solutions are provided as plain text documents in the zip folder 2021029FA_PINWR_ReferencemarkSolutions.zip that provide the location of the reference marks.
    Date: 2021 (process 2 of 3)
    Over the field activity, the SP80 equipment was used to take the location information of stationary targets and equipment installed at the field site. At the end of the field activity all GPS points were corrected to the OPUS solution averages of the reference marks by shifting the XYZ in Carlson SurvCE v. 6.08 (https://www.survce.com/home, accessed August, 2021). A Garmin hand-held GPS was used to get the general location of equipment installed in the water.
    Ground control points for the Helikite surveys (see larger citation Structure from Motion Data) were either black and white square plastic tarps with a number on them or AeroPoint yellow and black targets that were replaced every survey – a random letter was used for each survey to distinguish between surveys that used the same GCPs. The stationary targets were small black and white square nylon targets that were staked in place. On 2021-09-18, five plywood targets painted black and white were propped up in front of the CoastCam, a setup of two video cameras in stereo mounted on two poles on the dune (https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/coast-cam-installed-dune-overlooking-dunex-field-site), and the intersection of the targets black and white line with the sand was surveyed with the SP80.
    The static GPS data is provided in two CSVs for: (1) Stationary tarps and plywood targets used for calibration of the CoastCam and (2) locations of the cross-shore poles and equipment installed for the DUNEX field activity. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jin-Si R. Over
    U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geographer
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2269 (voice)
    jover@usgs.gov
    Date: 2021 (process 3 of 3)
    Kinematic GPS data was also taken throughout the field activity. The SP80 or JAVAD equipment was used to take GPS points on a continuous setting as the equipment was walked in the field sites. At the end of the field activity all RTK GPS points were corrected to the OPUS solution averages of the reference marks by shifting the XYZ in Carlson SurvCE v. 6.08 (https://survece.com/home, accessed August, 2021). The PPK GPS data was processed in Inertial Explorer (v. 8.70.8722).
    GPS walking data was then packaged by the survey date and provided as CSV files in the zip folder PINWR_GPS_walkingSurveys.zip. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jin-Si R. Over
    U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Geographer
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2269 (voice)
    jover@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Positions and elevations are produced by either a Spectra Precision (SP)80 Base Station and Rover, Rover and North Carolina CORS Network, JAVAD Triumph-2 Base and Rover, or a hand-held Garmin GPS. Repeat occupations of the same point were done for quality control.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    The SP80 RTK systems used to collect location data have a theoretical horizontal accuracy of 2 cm on any single point, but QC and repeat occupations of the same spot suggest slightly higher uncertainties up to 5-10 cm including user error. OPUS solutions of the reference marks have an RMS of 1.5 cm. JAVAD Triumph-2 PPK has a theoretical 1 cm horizontal accuracy and actual errors between 0.9-3.0 cm. Garmin GPS theoretical horizontal errors are 2 m.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    The SP80 RTK systems used to collect location data have a theoretical vertical accuracy of 1 cm on any single point, but QC and repeat occupations of the same spot suggest slightly higher uncertainties up to 5-10 cm including user error. OPUS solutions of the reference marks have an RMS of 1.5 cm. JAVAD Triumph-2 PPK has a theoretical 1.5 cm vertical accuracy and actual errors between 1.5-8.2 cm. Garmin GPS theoretical vertical errors are 1 m.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Each reference mark was occupied three times for at least 2 hours. The final solutions are provided as OPUS reports. Stationary targets were surveyed multiple times. All of the poles installed by the USGS have GPS measurements of the top of the pole, equipment attached to poles throughout the field activity were not surveyed with the GPS equipment.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Page contains USGS field activity 2021-029-FA GPS data: stationary target locations, OPUS Solutions for two reference marks, walking survey positions, and location information for deployed poles and instruments. Page also contains donated walking survey data from USGS 2020-024-DD.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Not for navigational use. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888- 275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Static and kinematic GPS data are provided in CSVs and the Reference Mark OPUS solutions are plain text files provided in a zip folder.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    The user must have software capable of unzipping a folder and reading CSV and text formats.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 07-Jun-2022
Metadata author:
Jin-Si R. Over
U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Geographer
U.S. Geological Survey
Woods Hole, MA

508-548-8700 x2269 (voice)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with the USGS
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_P9DPZZG2/DUNEX_PINWR_GPS_metdata.faq.html>
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