Ground control points and GPS data collected in September 2023, pre and post Hurricane Lee at Head of the Meadow, Marconi, and Nauset Light beaches in CACO, MA

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   U.S. Geological Survey, 20231204, Ground control points and GPS data collected in September 2023, pre and post Hurricane Lee at Head of the Meadow, Marconi, and Nauset Light beaches in CACO, MA: data release DOI:10.5066/P9GA5RJD, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD
   • https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6511a358d34e823a0275dbdd

   This is part of the following larger work.
   Over, Jin-Si R., Sherwood, Chris R., Anderberg, Mira M., Bartlett, Marie K., and Cramer, Jennifer M., 2023, Topographic data, imagery, and ground control data collected in September 2023 pre and post Hurricane Lee at Head of the Meadow, Marconi, and Nauset Light beaches, Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts: data release DOI:10.5066/P9GA5RJD, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD
   • https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/650dc88ed34e823a027456da

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., Anderberg, M.M., Bartlett, M.K., and Cramer, J.M., 2023, Topographic data, imagery, and ground control data collected in September 2023 pre and post Hurricane Lee at Head of the Meadow, Marconi, and Nauset Light beaches, Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts: U.S Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.07958012
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.95050747
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.05239498
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.85713784
   

3. What does it look like?

   https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6511a358d34e823a0275dbdd?name=2023022FA_HxLee_GPS_browse.JPG&allowOpen=true (JPEG)

   Mira Anderberg with GPS survey equipment.

4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Calendar_Date: 13-Sep-2023

   Currentness_Reference:

   ground condition; represents the state of the beach on multiple survey dates.

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (653)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      

      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

      UTM_Zone_Number: 19
      Transverse_Mercator:

      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      

      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.001
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.001
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011).
      The ellipsoid used is GRS_1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
      

      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

      Altitude_System_Definition:

      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988, geoid 18
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:

      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   2023022FA_HxLee_NLB_Aeropoints.csv

   Ground control point data (Source: U.S Geological Survey)

   ID

   Unique point identification number, consecutive (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	8

   FA

   USGS Field Activity Number (Source: USGS)

   Value	Definition
   2023-022-FA	USGS year, ID, and Field Activity

   GPS

   Type of GPS data collection. (Source: USGS)

   Value	Definition
   Propeller	Position was calculated using the AeroPoint Propeller network

   Date

   Collection date in format DD/MM/YYYY where YYYY is the year, MM in the month, and DD is the day. (Source: USGS) Character String

   Description

   Attributes describing the points. Post### and Pre### refer to the deployment period and the last three digits of the AeroPoint. (Source: USGS) Character String

   Latitude

   Feature location latitude (NAD83[2011]) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	41.85757072
   Maximum:	41.86133357
   Units:	decimal degrees

   Longitude NAD83[2011]

   Feature location longitude (NAD83[2011]) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-69.95264068
   Maximum:	-69.95109556
   Units:	decimal degrees

   Ellipsoid NAD83[2011]

   Feature height above the (NAD83[2011] GRS80) ellipsoid (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-24.877
   Maximum:	-7.433
   Units:	meters

   Easting_UTM19N

   Feature location X-Coordinate (NAD83[2011]/UTM Zone 19N) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	420933.105
   Maximum:	421056.719
   Units:	meters

   Northing_UTM19N

   Feature location Y-Coordinate (NAD83[2011]/UTM Zone 19N) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	4634399.899
   Maximum:	4634819.102
   Units:	meters

   Orthometric_NAVD88

   Feature orthometric Z-Coordinate relative to NAVD88 using geoid 18 (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2.966
   Maximum:	20.406
   Units:	meters

   2023022FA_HxLee_GPSdata.csv

   GPS point data (Source: U.S Geological Survey)

   ID

   Unique point identification number, consecutive (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	645

   FA

   USGS Field Activity Number (Source: USGS)

   Value	Definition
   2023-022-FA	USGS year, ID, and Field Activity

   GPS

   Type of GPS data collection. (Source: USGS)

   Value	Definition
   RTK	Position was determined using a base station and rover set-up
   CORS	Position was determined using a rover and CORS connection.

   Date

   Collection date in format DD/MM/YYYY where YYYY is the year, MM in the month, and DD is the day. (Source: USGS) Character String

   Description

   Attributes describing the points. In the AeroPoint csv Post### and Pre### refer to the deployment period and the last three digits of the AeroPoint. In the GPSdata csv HOM stands for head of the Meadow, MAR for Marconi, NLB for Nauset Light Beach, RM for reference mark, OPEN and CLOSE refer to quality control checks on reference marks at the beginning and end of the survey at the beach location, and POST refers to the point taken at the top of the post hammered into the sand at each beach. (Source: USGS) Character String

   Latitude

   Feature location latitude (NAD83[2011]) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	41.85713784
   Maximum:	42.05239498
   Units:	decimal degrees

   Longitude NAD83[2011]

   Feature location longitude (NAD83[2011]) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-70.07958012
   Maximum:	-69.95050747
   Units:	decimal degrees

   Ellipsoid NAD83[2011]

   Feature height above the (NAD83[2011] GRS80) ellipsoid (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-27.809
   Maximum:	-12.727
   Units:	meters

   Easting_UTM19N

   Feature location X-Coordinate (NAD83[2011]/UTM Zone 19N) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	410663.377
   Maximum:	421105.238
   Units:	meters

   Northing_UTM19N

   Feature location Y-Coordinate (NAD83[2011]/UTM Zone 19N) (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	4634351.716
   Maximum:	4656155.261
   Units:	meters

   Orthometric_NAVD88

   Feature orthometric Z-Coordinate relative to NAVD88 using geoid 18 (Source: USGS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-0.148
   Maximum:	15.115
   Units:	meters

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

   These attribute definitions describe each column of information in the CSV files 2023022FA_HxLee_NLB_Aeropoints.csv and 2023022FA_HxLee_GPSdata.csv.

   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activity 2023-022-FA
   

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • U.S. Geological Survey
2. Who also contributed to the data set?
3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   Jin-Si R. Over

   U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Geographer

   384 Woods Hole Rd.

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)

   jover@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: Sep-2023 (process 1 of 2)

   The ground control points were processed with the following steps:
   1. AeroPoints were deployed across the survey area. AeroPoints were left on for at least 1 hour and up to 2 hours to collect data.
   2. Once connected to Wifi, the AeroPoint data were uploaded and run through a Propeller post-processing kinematic algorithm. The data were exported the horizontal datum NAD83(2011) to produce latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid heights, and then UTM Zone 19N and NAVD88 using GEOID 18 were used to produce UTM coordinates and orthometric heights. These were exported to a CSV file 2023022FA_HxLee_NBL_Aeropoints.csv

   Date: Sep-2023 (process 2 of 2)

   The GPS data were collected and processed as follows. At Head of the Meadow and Marconi beaches a base station was setup on a known reference mark and RTK corrections were broadcast to a rover. At Nauset Light Beach instead of a base station a wifi connection was used to connect the rover to the Massachusetts CORS network. The rover was then used at each beach to take points along cross-shore transects before and after Hurricane Lee and on the top of the posts where pressure sensors were attached. GPS data was exported from the rover in the horizontal datum NAD83(2011) to produce latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid heights, and then UTM Zone 19N and NAVD88 using geoid 18 were used to produce UTM coordinates and orthometric heights. These were exported to a CSV file 2023022FA_HxLee_GPSdata.csv. Person who carried out this activity:
   

   Jin-Si R. Over

   U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Geographer

   384 Woods Hole Rd.

   Woods Hole, MA
   

   508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)

   jover@usgs.gov

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   GPS data positions and elevations were produced with variance data by the Propeller Corrections Network (https://www.propelleraero.com/aeropoints-coverage-map/) for the AeroPoints or from the Spectra Precision (SP)80 Rover and Base station setup using Real-time Kinematic (RTK) positioning or from the Continuously Operating Reference Systems (CORS).
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   AeroPoint targets have theoretical sub 1 cm horizontal absolute accuracy. RTK and CORS data have a 2 cm horizontal accuracy based on a comparison of measurements taken of known reference marks (RM).
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   AeroPoint targets have theoretical sub 1 cm vertical absolute accuracy. RTK and CORS data have a 2 cm vertical accuracy based on a comparison of measurements taken of known reference marks (RM).
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   There are a total of 8 AeroPoints, 3 were deployed for the pre storm flights and 5 were deployed for the post storm flights. GPS points are labeled by date and location. Coordinates for all data are provided in geographic and projected reference systems.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   The file contains USGS field activity 2023-022-FA navigation data: ground control points (AeroPoints) deployed on September 14 and 20 for use in tandem with the aerial imagery and GPS points taken at each beach before and after the storm.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

   Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

   Denver, CO
   

   1-888- 275-8747 (voice)

   sciencebase@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? 2023022FA_HxLee_NLB_Aeropoints.csv contains ground control point position data and 2023022FA_HxLee_GPSdata.csv contains transect data.
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
   Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.
4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	GPS data in format CSV (version Exported from Excel Office 365) Size: 2.88
     Network links:	https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6511a358d34e823a0275dbdd https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6511a358d34e823a0275dbdd https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GA5RJD.

   • Cost to order the data: None.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 04-Dec-2023

Metadata author:

Jin-Si R. Over

U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Geographer

U.S. Geological Survey

Woods Hole, MA

508-548-8700 x2297 (voice)

whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov

Contact_Instructions:

The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS.

Metadata standard:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)