Survey lines along which interferometric sonar (bathymetric and backscatter) data were collected in 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, during field activity 2016-017-FA (polyline shapefile)

Metadata also available as - [Questions & Answers] - [Parseable text] - [XML]

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2019
Title:

Survey lines along which interferometric sonar (bathymetric and backscatter) data were collected in 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, during field activity 2016-017-FA (polyline shapefile)

Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9HZHXXV

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts

Publisher:

U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c926dc2e4b0938824573d59

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Seth D. Ackerman
Originator: David S. Foster
Originator: William W. Danforth
Originator: Emily C. Huntley
Publication_Date: 2019
Title:

High-resolution geophysical and sampling data collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016

Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9HZHXXV

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested citation: Ackerman S.D., Foster D.S., Danforth W.W., and Huntley, E.C., 2019, High-resolution geophysical and sampling data collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5c7fe3afe4b0938824443b00

Description:

Abstract:

Geophysical and geological survey data were collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, in May and July 2016. Approximately 130 linear kilometers of subbottom (seismic-reflection) and 234-kilohertz interferometric sonar (bathymetric and backscatter) data were collected along with sediment samples, sea floor photographs, and (or) video at 26 sites within the geophysical survey area. Sediment grab samples were collected at 19 of the 26 sampling sites and video and (or) photographic imagery of the sea floor were taken at all 26 sites. These survey data are used to characterize the sea floor by identifying sediment-texture, seabed morphology, and underlying geologic structure and stratigraphy. Data collected during these 2016 surveys are included in this data release: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV.
More information can be found on the websites for the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activities at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-017-FA and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-037-FA.

Purpose:

The interferometric sonar data collected along these tracklines were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, in May 2016 during USGS field activity 2016-017-FA. These data can be used to identify the extent of interferometric sonar (Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. SWATHplus-M, now Bathyswath) bathymetric and backscatter data that can be used conjunction with other geophysical and sample data to study sea-floor morphology and sediment texture.

Supplemental_Information:

More information can be found on the WHCMSC Field Activity webpage: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-017-FA. Data collected during the 2016 survey can be obtained here: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20160517
Ending_Date: 20160523

Currentness_Reference:

Ground condition of survey dates: 20160517-20160523. No geophysical data were collected on May 18 (JD 139), 21 (JD 142), and 22 (JD 143), 2016 ; see Completeness_Report for more information.

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.503501
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.456561
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.786541
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.761391

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:5c926dc2e4b0938824573d59

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: seafloor
Theme_Keyword: sea floor
Theme_Keyword: marine geology
Theme_Keyword: field activity 2016-017-FA
Theme_Keyword: shapefile
Theme_Keyword: trackline
Theme_Keyword: survey line
Theme_Keyword: bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: backscatter
Theme_Keyword: swath bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: interferometry
Theme_Keyword: SEA SWATHplus
Theme_Keyword: SEA Submetrix
Theme_Keyword: Bathyswath
Theme_Keyword: R/V Rafael

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics
Theme_Keyword: navigational data
Theme_Keyword: bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: interferometric sonar

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: location

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: North America
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Place_Keyword: Gulf of Maine
Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Bay
Place_Keyword: Cape Cod
Place_Keyword: Sandwich
Place_Keyword: Town Neck Beach

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Stratum_Keyword: Seafloor
Stratum_Keyword: Sea floor
Stratum_Keyword: Surface

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Temporal_Keyword: 2016

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2315
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c926dc2e4b0938824573d59/?name=2016-017-FA_SWATHplusTracklines_browse.jpg

Browse_Graphic_File_Description:

Interferometric sonar trackline navigation off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts.

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Any spurious data points were removed during processing. There is no data for what would be line 8.

Completeness_Report:

This dataset includes all of the SWATHplus trackline navigation that was collected during USGS field activity 2016-017-FA. Although this shapefile includes trackline navigation from all the swath sonar data, only shore parallel sonar data within the survey area were included in the final bathymetry raster (2016-017-FA_Bathymetry2m_NAVD88) and backscatter imagery (2016-017-FA_Backscatter) found in this report (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV). Time gaps occurred during this field activity where no surveying was done due to bad weather, rough seas and stops in surveying for equipment issues. No sonar data were collected on 20160518, 20160521, and 20160522 (May 18 (JD 139), 21 (JD 142), and 22 (JD 143), 2016) due to weather conditions, rough seas and equipment maintenance and (or) failure.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

USGS Field Activity 2016-017-FA: Navigation for the SWATHplus-M system was acquired using the WGS 84 coordinate system with an Applanix POS MV Wavemaster (model 220, V5), which blends Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) with acceleration data from a Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and GPS azimuthal heading. The POS MV was configured with two AeroAntenna Technologies GPS antennas located at either end of a 2-m baseline, which was oriented fore and aft and mounted atop the rigid pole on which the SWATHplus-M transducers were mounted at the bow of the R/V Rafael. DGPS positions were obtained from the primary antenna located on the forward end of the baseline, and the positional offsets between the antenna and the navigational reference point (the POS MV IMU) were accounted for in the Applanix POSView (version 8.60) acquisition software. DGPS positions are horizontally accurate to 0.5-2 meters, but accuracy can increase to less than 10 cm after post-processing with Applanix POSPac (version 8.1).
Positional offsets were applied within the SWATHplus acquisition software (version 3.07.17.00) and stored within the SXR format data.
Note that post-processed horizontal navigation data from the Applanix POS MV were applied for the bathymetry processing in CARIS software at a later date (see metadata from bathymetry file 2016-017-FA_Bathymetry2m_NAVD88); these tracklines represent the DGPS positions of the SWATHplus-M transducers as mounted on the bow of the R/V Rafael.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: raw sonar data

Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20160517
Ending_Date: 20160523

Source_Currentness_Reference:

Ground condition of survey dates: 20160517-20160523. No geophysical data were collected on May 18 (JD 139), 21 (JD 142), and 22 (JD 143), 2016; see Completeness_Report for more information.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: raw data
Source_Contribution:

This trackline navigation dataset documents the ship tracks along which interferometric sonar was collected by the US Geological Survey during field activity 2012016-017-FA. A 234-kHz Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. (SEA) SWATHplus-M (now Bathyswath) interferometric sonar was mounted on a rigid pole on the bow of the R/V Rafael. Data were acquired during May 2016.
Configuration:
Survey: Survey lines were run at an average speed of 5 knots and were generally spaced 30 m apart to obtain overlapping swaths of data and full SEABed coverage.
Sonar: The SEA SWATHplus-M operates at a frequency of 234-kHz and a variable range (increased or decreased manually depending on water depth). The system was operated with a 60-percent transmit power, a 34-cycle transmit pulse length, 4096 samples per channel, and a ping range of 46 meters.
Speed of Sound: Sound-velocity profiles were collected several times each survey day with a hand-casted AML Minos X SVPT (Applied Microsystems) sound velocimeter.
Tides: Tides were originally corrected during post-processing to Mean Sea Level using a NOAA-generated zone tidal model (stellwagen_tides.zdf) and the nearest NOAA-observed tide dataset (Boston_MSL_8443970_June2016.tid) that included all the survey dates. The final bathymetry surface was transformed to the NAVD88 reference surface using VDatum (version 3.9).

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Processing Step 1. Raw to Processed conversion for USGS field activity 2016-017-FA: Each raw SWATHplus bathymetric sonar file (SXR) was converted to a SWATHplus processed file (SXP) using SEA SWATHplus Swath Processor (ver. 3.07.17.00). During the conversion process, sound velocity profiles were used to minimize potential refraction artifacts from fluctuations in the speed of sound within the water column. Various bathymetric filters were applied to eliminate sounding outliers. Predicted tidal information was merged into the processed file (SXP) during this conversion, however final tidal corrections were applied later in the processing flow. Bathymetric filtering typically included low amplitude (100%), range (0-4 m), box (3-50 m depth, 1.5-75 m horizontal), median (window size of 5), alongtrack 1 (depth difference of 5 m, window size of 5 m, and learn rate of 0.7), alongtrack 2 (depth difference of 1.5 m, window size of 1 m, and learn rate of 0.9), and mean filters (0.25 m). These represent the typical parameters used for the majority of the survey but slight adjustments were required for some areas. This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person - Seth Ackerman.

Process_Date: 2016
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2315
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Processing Step 2. CARIS preliminary processing for USGS field activity 2016-017-FA: A new CARIS HIPS project (ver. 10.1) was created for this field activity with projection information set to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 19, WGS 84. Each SWATHplus processed file (SXP) was imported to the new CARIS project using the Import/Conversion Wizard. Delayed heave from raw POS MV files was used to update HIPS survey lines using the import auxiliary data function. Navigation was reviewed and edited as needed using the navigation editor tool. Data were merged selecting no tide and the delayed heave source. A 2-m resolution Swath Angle Weighted (SWATH) surface was created to incorporate survey lines as they were processed, and the SWATH surfaces were reviewed for inconsistencies and anomalies. Beam-to-beam slopes and across track angle filters were applied to the soundings line by line and then further edited manually as needed. The refraction editor was used to adjust sound speed values in areas where velocimeter data did not adequately correct depth profiles obviously influenced by local anomalies in speed of sound through the water column. Survey lines were remerged and the surface was recalculated to incorporate processing edits. Preliminary processing was done during the survey and additional processing was done post-survey with CARIS HIPS and SIPS version 10.1. This process step was done between 2016 and 2018.

Process_Date: 2018

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Processing Step 3. Python and Shell scripts were used to extract and reformat the navigation fixes stored in the CARIS HIPS database and add them to a SQLite database (version 3.27.1) that was geospatially extended using SpatiaLite (version 4.3.0a). The processing flow for this step follows:
A. Extract navigation for each line in CARIS HDCS directory using the CARIS program printfNav for all the lines. (Extracted navigation file is tab-delimited in format YYYY-JD HH:MM:SS:FFF DD.LAT DD.LONG SSSSS_VVVVV_YYYY-JD_LLLL AR where YYYY=year, JD=Julian Day, HH=hour, MM=minute, SS=seconds, FFF=fractions of a second, DD.LAT=latitude in decimal degrees, DD.LONG=longitude in decimal degrees, SSSSS=survey name, VVVVV=vessel name, LLLL=linename, AR=accepted or rejected navigation fix.) This step creates TXT navigation files for each survey line in the CARIS project.
B. A Python script (pySQLBathNav) runs on the navigation TXT files, creating a new line in the SQLite database (which is created if it does not already exist) for each record, with new fields for survey ID, vessel name, and system name. The pySQLBathNav script creates both point and polyline navigation for each survey line.
C. When all of the survey lines have been processed into the SQLite database, a polyline shapefile is exported from the database using spatialite_tools (version 4.3.0_3).

Process_Date: 201810

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Processing Step 4. QGIS (version 3.4) was used to clean up the attribute headings in the polyline shapefile's attribute table. Attributes for the survey line ('LineName'), year and Julian day survey line started ('Yr_JD_str'), Julian day and UTC time survey line started ('JD_UTC_str'), Year and Julian day survey line ended ('Yr_JD_end'), Julian day and UTC time survey line ended ('JD_UTC_end'), survey ID ('SurveyID'), survey vessel name ('VehicleID'), device used to collect the data ('DeviceID') and length field of each line ('Length_km') were already populated but renamed if necessary.

Process_Date: 201903

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20200807
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 66

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 84
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: 2016-017-FA_SWATHplusTracklines
Entity_Type_Definition: Trackline for interferometric sonar system
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: LineName
Attribute_Definition:

Survey line/file name; generally in the format l###f@_sxp where ### is the name of the trackline along which interferometric sonar data were collected, @ is the file iteration (a file iteration greater than 1 indicates that the survey line was split into multiple files during acquisition), and _sxp indicates that the file imported to CARIS was a SWATHplus processed file. For example, survey line 38 was interrupted 5 minutes into the line, the ship circled around to the location where surveying was paused, and the survey line was continued with recording to a new file; therefore, there are two tracklines for line 38: "l38f1" and "l38f2".