Digitizing the Films

Each photograph on the 35-mm film was digitized as an image in tif format at a resolution of 1920 by 1080 pixels at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) using a special film transport mechanism and aligned using Combustion 4.0 (http://dv411.com/combustion4.html) and Shake 5.0 (http://www.apple.com/shake/) software. The photographs were reduced to 600 by 337 pixels using PolyView (www.polybytes.com) and compressed to 256-color .png images using IrfanView (http://www.irfanview.com/), reducing the photograph size by about a factor of 6. This photograph size and compression provide reasonable resolution and manageable size for publication. Some of time-series photographs were previously published in an uncompressed version (Butman and others, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c; table 1); these movies and images have been compressed and are included in this publication so that all of the time series are available in the smaller file size. The full resolution digital photographs and the original 35-mm films are archived at the USGS Woods Hole Science Center. This publication includes all of the photographs in this archive, even some of poor quality.

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Table 1.