Location of bottom video tracklines along with videos collected in July 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, during field activity 2016-037-FA (MP4 video files and polyline shapefile)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Location of bottom video tracklines along with videos collected in July 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, during field activity 2016-037-FA (MP4 video files and polyline shapefile)
Abstract:
Geophysical and geological survey data were collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, in May and July 2016. Approximately 130 linear kilometers of subbottom (seismic-reflection) and 234-kilohertz interferometric sonar (bathymetric and backscatter) data were collected along with sediment samples, sea floor photographs, and (or) video at 26 sites within the geophysical survey area. Sediment grab samples were collected at 19 of the 26 sampling sites and video and (or) photographic imagery of the sea floor were taken at all 26 sites. These survey data are used to characterize the sea floor by identifying sediment-texture, seabed morphology, and underlying geologic structure and stratigraphy. Data collected during these 2016 surveys are included in this data release: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV.
More information can be found on the websites for the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activities at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-017-FA and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-037-FA.
Supplemental_Information:
Bottom photographs were also taken at all but one station (see shapefile 2016-037-FA_photos.shp available from the larger work citation). Physical sediment samples, which provide additional information about the seabed, were also collected at most stations and analyzed in the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (see 2016-037-FA_samples.csv available from the larger work citation). For more information about this field activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-037-FA. The sampling data were collected to ground truth (verify) acoustic data collected during USGS field activity 2016-017-FA.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2019, Location of bottom video tracklines along with videos collected in July 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, during field activity 2016-037-FA (MP4 video files and polyline shapefile): data release DOI:10.5066/P9HZHXXV, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Ackerman, Seth D., Foster, David S., Danforth, William W., and Huntley, Emily C., 2019, High-resolution geophysical and sampling data collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016: data release DOI:10.5066/P9HZHXXV, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Suggested citation: Ackerman S.D., Foster D.S., Danforth W.W., and Huntley, E.C., 2019, High-resolution geophysical and sampling data collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HZHXXV.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.497237
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.459673
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.783822
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.764260
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c926dcbe4b0938824573d61/?name=2016-037-FA_videos_browse.jpg (JPEG)
    Image of bottom video locations off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 15-Jul-2016
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster and vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • String (26)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    2016-037-FA_videos
    Bottom videos and locations of bottom video tracklines collected during USGS survey 2016-037-FA off Town Neck Beach, Sandwich, Massachusetts, in 2016. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    FIELD_NO
    Station number as assigned in the field. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish station numbers.
    LINENAME
    Name of bottom video used to uniquely identify between cameras and video files: e.g., 2016037FA_SeaViewer_20160715T131053Z_CLIP0000004.mp4 where 2016037FA refers to the field activity identifier, SeaViewer refers to the camera, 20160715T131053Z refers to the date and start time in the ISO 8601 standard (YYYYMMDD T [time separator] HHMMSS Z [Zulu/UTC time]), and CLIP0000004.mp4 refers to the sequential video number assigned to the video by the camera. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish bottom videos.
    STARTTIME
    Start time of the bottom video drift in UTC in the format HH:MM:SS. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish UTC start times of the bottom video.
    ENDTIME
    End time of the bottom video drift in UTC in the format HH:MM:SS. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish UTC end times of the bottom video.
    JD
    Julian day that the bottom video was collected based on UTC time; Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year (2016 for these data). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:197
    Maximum:197
    Units:days
    Resolution:1
    DATE
    UTC date that the bottom video was collected in the format YYYYMMDD. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish dates.
    YEAR
    Year that the bottom video was collected (2016 for these data). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2016
    Maximum:2016
    Units:years
    Resolution:1
    LENGTH_M
    Length in meters of the bottom video trackline. Length was calculated in WGS 84 UTM Zone 19N. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:9.7
    Maximum:353.7
    Units:meters
    Resolution:0.1
    CAMERA
    Camera used to collect bottom video. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish between different camera models mounted on the grab sampler; however, for this survey, only one camera was used to collect bottom video.
    FA_ID
    USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activity identifier (e.g., 2016-037-FA where 2016 is the survey year, 037 is survey number of that year, and FA is Field Activity). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to distinguish field activities by year and ID number.
    DEVICE_ID
    Sampling device used to collect the bottom video. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to identify the sampling configuration used during the survey.
    VEHICLE_ID
    Vehicle (ship) used to collect data during survey 2016-037-FA. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) String used to identify the survey vessel.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This dataset is used to display the videos and locations of bottom videos acquired with a SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera on the Mini SEABed Observation and Sampling System (MiniSEABOSS) aboard the Research Vessel (R/V) Rafael by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center during USGS field activity 2016-037-FA (July 15, 2016). Video data serve as a means to visually classify grain size and are especially important for sites where no physical sediment sample was collected.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Bottom video and raw navigation files (source 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, Unpublished Material, Bottom video and navigation data.

    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution:
    Bottom video was acquired using the MiniSEABOSS. The observations from video and still cameras and the sediment data are used to explore the nature of the sea floor and, in conjunction with high-resolution geophysical data, to make interpretive maps of sedimentary environments and validate acoustic remote sensing data. This setup of the MiniSEABOSS incorporates a downward-looking SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera with topside feed, two GoPro HERO4 Black digital cameras, a modified Van Veen sediment sampler, and a dive light. A compass and depth sensor were attached to the sampler as well and are sometimes visible in the top-mounted GoPro to be used for troubleshooting as necessary. The elements of this particular MiniSEABOSS system are held within a stainless-steel frame that measures ~1 x 1 meters. The frame has a stabilizer fin that orients the system as it drifts over the seabed. A dive light was mounted at the top of the frame and aimed downward to illuminate the seabed for photographs. One of the GoPro HERO4 Black cameras was mounted lower, approximately 40 centimeters from the bottom, on the MiniSEABOSS frame and captured bottom photos every 5 seconds and backup video, while the other was mounted higher, approximately 70 centimeters from the bottom of the frame, and recorded additional backup bottom video. Two red lasers were set 20 centimeters apart (both as they are mounted on the MiniSEABOSS frame and as seen in photographs and video on the seabed) for scale measurements. The red laser dots can usually be seen in the imagery depending on the bottom type and distance to the sea floor. A third laser is positioned at an angle so that when it intersects the other lasers, the MiniSEABOSS is at the optimum height (approximately 75 centimeters) off the bottom for a still photograph. The R/V Rafael occupied one of the target stations and the MiniSEABOSS was deployed off the vessel's starboard side. The winch operator lowered the sampler until the sea floor was observed in the top-side live video feed. The vessel and sampler drifted with wind and current for up to a few minutes to ensure a decent image with a clear view of the sea floor and then at most stations the winch operator lowered the Van Veen sampler until it rested on the sea floor. When the system was raised, the Van Veen sampler closed and collected a sample as it was lifted off the sea floor. The sampler was recovered to the deck of the survey vessel where a subsample was taken for analysis at the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center. Sediment samples were only attempted in areas where collecting a sample would not damage the MiniSEABOSS; therefore, no samples were collected in areas with a cobble, boulder, or rocky seabed, as identified in real time using the top-side live video feed. Bottom video was recorded from the downward-looking SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera directly on to solid-state drive (SSD) media using an Odyssey7 video recorder. DGPS navigation from a Hemisphere DGPS receiver was logged through HYPACK navigation software and a DataBridge data logger. The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a one-second interval in geographic coordinates (WGS 84). A log file for the survey was saved in ASCII text format.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 15-Jul-2016 (process 1 of 6)
    Twenty-six stations were occupied aboard the R/V Rafael during USGS survey 2016-037-FA with the MiniSEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001). The MiniSEABOSS was equipped with a Van Veen grab sampler, two GoPro HERO4 Black digital cameras, and a downward-looking SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera. The R/V Rafael occupied one of the target stations, the MiniSEABOSS was deployed, and then the vessel and MiniSEABOSS drifted with wind and current for up to a few minutes to ensure a decent video with a clear view of the sea floor. Bottom video was recorded from the downward-looking SeaViewer video camera directly on to SSD media using an Odyssey7 video recorder. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Original bottom video
    Date: 19-Jul-2016 (process 2 of 6)
    DGPS navigation from a Hemisphere DGPS receiver was logged through HYPACK navigation software and a DataBridge data logger. The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a one-second interval in geographic coordinates (WGS 84). Dates and times were recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). A log file for the survey was saved in ASCII text format. An AWK script (awkhypack.gpgga_v0_9.awk) was run on the log file to parse for the GPGGA navigation string and create an ASCII Comma Separated Value (CSV) text file. The output file was then reformatted using an AWK script (nav_time_reformat.awk), creating a final processed navigation file for the entire sampling survey. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Raw navigation file
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Processed navigation file
    Date: Feb-2019 (process 3 of 6)
    The original video files were copied from the Odyssey7 SSD to the processing computer. A shell script (do_concat_and_TCBurn.sda) was run to join the video clips for each station (the Odyssey7 splits clips into less than 4GB segments), burn the date and time in UTC on to the upper right corner of the video, and transcode the video from MOV to MP4 format. The script also created a text file with the date, start time, and duration of each video recording. One video (clip 022) was of two stations, so it was split to create separate video for each station and clipped to the duration that the camera was within view of the sea floor. The videos were renamed to include the field activity identifier, camera, and date and start time in the ISO 8601 standard in the filename. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Original bottom video
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Final bottom video
    • Start times/durations text file
    Date: Feb-2019 (process 4 of 6)
    A Jupyter Notebook Python script (Video_trackline_prep_WORKING_v2.ipynb) was run to create a CSV file of the bottom video trackline points by extracting the navigation fixes for each video drift using information from the start times/durations text file. The script reads the video start time and duration from the text file, calculates the video end time, extracts the navigation points that fall within those start and end times, and exports the navigation fixes to a CSV file. The script had an error for the last video (clip 031) because corresponding navigation data were not available. This video is a calibration video and was not included in this publication. This process step and the subsequent process step were performed by the same person, Emily Huntley. Person who carried out this activity:
    Emily Huntley
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geographer/Database Specialist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Processed navigation file
    • Start times/durations text file
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Bottom video trackline points CSV file
    Date: Feb-2019 (process 5 of 6)
    A point shapefile was created using the bottom video trackline points CSV file in Esri ArcGIS (version 10.3.1). The Points to Line tool was then run with the video trackline points as the input features and the video filenames as the line field to create a polyline shapefile of the video tracklines. XTools Pro (version 12.0) for Esri ArcGIS was used to rename, reorganize, and add new fields (Table Operations - Table Restructure) to the polyline shapefile, including an attribute for the station number of the video trackline (FIELD_NO), start time of the bottom video drift in UTC (STARTTIME), end time of the video drift in UTC (ENDTIME), Julian day of collection (JD), date of collection (DATE), year of collection (YEAR), trackline length in meters (LENGTH_M), camera used (CAMERA), survey ID (FA_ID), sampling device used to collect the video (DEVICE_ID), and survey vessel (VEHICLE_ID). XTools Pro changed some of the bottom video trackline features from singlepart to multipart features if they overlapped or intersected themselves. To correct this, the Spatial Join tool was run with the original bottom video tracklines shapefile as the input features and the updated tracklines shapefile as the join features using the intersect match option to add the updated attributes to the original singlepart features. Unnecessary fields created when running the Spatial Join tool were deleted (i.e., Join_Count and TARGET_FID). The Spatial Join tool was then run with the bottom photos shapefile to assign the station number (FIELD_NO) of the video trackline based on any intersecting bottom photos. Three video tracklines did not intersect any bottom photos; two of these videos (clip 027 and clip 028) were of the water column and were deleted, while one (clip 004) was assigned a station number using information from the data acquisition log. Unnecessary fields created when running the Spatial Join tool were deleted (i.e., Join_Count and TARGET_FID). The bottom video tracklines shapefile was then joined with the trackline points shapefile to add the start and end times of the video drifts (STARTTIME and ENDTIME, respectively), Julian day of collection (JD), and date of collection (DATE). Next, the trackline length (LENGTH_M) was calculated using the Calculate Geometry tool (Property=Length; Use coordinate system of the data frame=WGS 1984 UTM Zone 19N; Unit=Meters). Finally, the bottom video line name (LINENAME) was updated to match the new video filenames, which include the field activity identifier, camera, and date and start time in the ISO 8601 standard in the filename. Data sources used in this process:
    • Bottom video trackline points CSV file
    • Data acquisition log
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Bottom video tracklines shapefile
    Date: 07-Aug-2020 (process 6 of 6)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Blackwood, D., and Parolski, K., 2001, Seabed observation and sampling system: Sea Technology v. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43, Compass Publications, Inc., Arlington, VA.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The end time of the video drift used to map the bottom video tracklines (field ENDTIME in the shapefile) was calculated using the video start time and duration. This end time may be off by up to two seconds and was not assessed for accuracy by comparing it with the time burned on to the upper right corner of the video's last frame.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Sources of horizontal inaccuracy may be due to the video end time used to create the shapefile or the navigation data. The end time of the video drift used to map the bottom video tracklines (field ENDTIME in the shapefile) was calculated using the video start time and duration, rather than using the time burned on to the upper right corner of the video's last frame. The calculated end time may be off by up to two seconds and accounts for +/- 1 meter of horizontal uncertainty. Navigation for survey 2016-037-FA used DGPS. The DGPS was set to receive fixes at a one-second interval in geographic coordinates (World Geodetic System of 1984 [WGS 84]). The recorded position of each point along the video trackline is the position of the DGPS antenna on the survey vessel, located on the aft of the R/V Rafael's cabin just port of the centerline, not the location of the MiniSEABOSS sampler. The MiniSEABOSS was deployed approximately 2 meters to the starboard side of the DGPS antenna. No layback or offset was applied to the recorded position. In addition to the +/- 2-meter offset, the sampler may drift away from the survey vessel when deployed to the sea floor. Based on the various sources of horizontal offsets, a conservative estimate of the horizontal accuracy of the video trackline locations is 2-4 meters. At times the ship was moving so slowly that the resolution of the DGPS makes a trackline appear to double back on itself.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This dataset includes bottom video in MP4 format and a trackline shapefile of the location of the ship for the duration of the video during USGS survey 2016-037-FA. Twenty-six stations were occupied within the study area, and bottom video was acquired at all 26 stations. Three acquired videos are not included in this publication: two videos of the water column (clip 027 and clip 028) and one video used for camera calibration (clip 031). One video (clip 022) was of two stations; it was split to create separate videos for each station and clipped to the duration that the camera was within view of the sea floor. A total of 26 videos and 26 video tracklines are included in this dataset.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    All bottom videos were acquired using a SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera on the MiniSEABOSS. One video (clip 022) was of two stations and was split to create separate videos for each station. Gaps in sequential clip numbers exist because videos taken in the water column were not processed. The tracklines may self-intersect or self-overlap; at times the ship was moving so slowly that the resolution of the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) makes a trackline appear to double back on itself.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey-ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO
    USA

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? USGS data release 2016-037-FA contains bottom video trackline locations and videos of the sea floor collected off Town Neck Beach in Sandwich, Massachusetts. This dataset contains the following files: a shapefile of the bottom video trackline locations (2016-037-FA_videos.shp); 26 bottom videos from the SeaViewer 6000 HD Sea-Drop video camera; a browse graphic of bottom video trackline locations (2016-037-FA_videos_browse.jpg); and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) metadata files in three standard formats.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This dataset contains data available in polyline shapefile format and MP4 video files. The user must have software capable of reading shapefile format to use the polyline shapefile. A video viewer can be used to see the MP4 video files.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 07-Aug-2020
Metadata author:
Emily Huntley
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer/Database Specialist
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA
USA

508-548-8700 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
ehuntley@contractor.usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_P9HZHXXV/2016-037-FA_videos_meta.faq.html>
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