Grain size of bulk sediments from the Escanaba Trough, off the coast of Northern California, USA, from May-June 2022.

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
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  1. How well have the observations been checked?
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What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   Ianiri, Hope L., Gartman, Amy, and Prouty, Nancy G., 20250218, Grain size of bulk sediments from the Escanaba Trough, off the coast of Northern California, USA, from May-June 2022.: data release DOI:10.5066/P13XVXQC, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P13XVXQC

   This is part of the following larger work.
   Ianiri, Hope L., Prouty, Nancy G., Campbell, Pamela L., Gartman, Amy, Adamczyk, Katlin B., and Favela, Jaycee J., 2025, Sedimentary organic geochemistry data from Escanaba Trough, off the coast of northern California, collected May-June 2022.: data release DOI:10.5066/P13XVXQC, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P13XVXQC

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Suggested Citation: Ianiri, H.L., Prouty, N.G., Campbell, P.L., Gartman, A., Adamczyk, K.B., and Favela, J.J., 2025, Sedimentary organic geochemistry data from Escanaba Trough, off the coast of northern California, collected May-June 2022: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13XVXQC.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -127.52822333
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -127.44709667
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.08224004
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.69572818
   

3. What does it look like?
4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 31-May-2022

   Ending_Date: 11-Jun-2022

   Currentness_Reference:

   Ground condition at time data were collected.

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • point (12)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.00000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.2572.
      
7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   EscanabaTrough_grainsize.csv

   Table of data. (Source: producer defined)

   Cruise_ID

   Lists the alphanumeric cruise identifier for the expedition during which the sample was collected. (Source: producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   TN403	Cruise identification affiliated with Field Activity 2022-621-FA

   Sample_ID

   Name of sample (Source: producer defined) The sample names include a dive number (J2, denoting Jason2, followed by a number), push core number (PC, denoting push core, followed by a number) and the sediment depth horizon (X-Y).

   Latitude

   Latitude of sample in decimal degrees (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	40.69572818
   Maximum:	41.08224004
   Units:	decimal degrees
   Resolution:	0.00000001

   Longitude

   Longitude of sample in decimal degrees (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-127.5282233
   Maximum:	-127.4470967
   Units:	decimal degrees
   Resolution:	0.0000001

   Water_depth_m

   Water depth in meters at which the sample was collected. (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	3223
   Maximum:	3235
   Units:	meters
   Resolution:	1

   Location

   Location where the sample was collected (Source: producer defined)

   Value	Definition
   Central Hill	Text descriptor of sampling site as defined in the literature
   Edifice Rex East	Text descriptor of sampling site as defined in the literature
   SESCA S3A	Text descriptor of sampling site as defined in the literature

   sediment_depth_top_cm

   top depth of core subsample. Ex: a sediment core slice from 0-1 cm would have a top depth of 0 centimeters and a bottom depth of 1 centimeter. (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	18
   Units:	centimeters
   Resolution:	1

   sediment_depth_bottom_cm

   bottom depth of core subsample. Ex: a sediment core slice from 0-1 cm would have a top depth of 0 centimeters and a bottom depth of 1 centimeter. (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	20
   Units:	centimeters
   Resolution:	1

   -4.00phi_16mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter greater than -4.00 phi, or 16 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -3.75phi_13.5mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -4.00 and -3.75 phi, or 13.5 and 16 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -3.50phi_11.2mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.75 and -3.50 phi, or 11.2 and 13.5 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -3.25phi_9.51mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.50 and -3.25 phi, or 9.51 and 11.2 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -3.00phi_8mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.25 and -3.00 phi, or 8 and 9.51 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -2.75phi_6.73mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.00 and -2.75 phi, or 6.73 and 8 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -2.50phi_5.66mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.75 and -2.50 phi, or 5.66 and 6.73 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -2.25phi_4.76mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.50 and -2.25 phi, or 4.76 and 5.66 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -2.00phi_4mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.25 and -2.00 phi, or 4 and 4.76 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -1.75phi_3.36mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.00 and -1.75 phi, or 3.36 and 4 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -1.50phi_2.83mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.75 and -1.50 phi, or 2.83 and 3.36 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -1.25phi_2.38mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.50 and -1.25 phi, or 2.38 and 2.83 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -1.00phi_2mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.25 and -1.00 phi, or 2 and 2.38 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -0.75phi_1.68mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.00 and -0.75 phi, or 1.68 and 2 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -0.50phi_1.41mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -0.75 and -0.50 phi, or 1.41 and 1.68 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   -0.25phi_1.19mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -0.50 and -0.25 phi, or 1.19 and 1.41 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   0.00phi_1mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -0.25 and 0.00 phi, or 1 and 1.19 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   0.25phi_0.8409mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.00 and 0.25 phi, or 0.8409 and 1 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   0.50phi_0.7071mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.25 and 0.50 phi, or 0.7071 and 0.8409 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   0.75phi_0.5946mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.50 and 0.75 phi, or 0.5946 and 0.7071 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   1.00phi_0.5mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.75 and 1.00 phi, or 0.5 and 0.5946 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   1.25phi_0.4204mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.00 and 1.25 phi, or 0.4204 and 0.5 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   1.50phi_0.3536mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.25 and 1.50 phi, or 0.3536 and 0.4204 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   1.75phi_0.2973mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.50 and 1.75 phi, or 0.2973 and 0.3536 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   2.00phi_0.25mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.75 and 2.00 phi, or 0.25 and 0.2973 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   2.25phi_0.2102mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.00 and 2.25 phi, or 0.2102 and 0.25 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   2.50phi_0.1768mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.25 and 2.50 phi, or 0.1768 and 0.2102 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   2.75phi_0.1487mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.50 and 2.75 phi, or 0.1487 and 0.1768 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   3.00phi_0.125mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.75 and 3.00 phi, or 0.125 and 0.1487 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   3.25phi_0.1051mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.00 and 3.25 phi, or 0.1051 and 0.125 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   3.50phi_0.088388mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.25 and 3.50 phi, or 0.088388 and 0.1051 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   3.75phi_0.074325mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.50 and 3.75 phi, or 0.074325 and 0.088388 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   4.00phi_0.0625mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.75 and 4.00 phi, or 0.0625 and 0.074325 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   4.25phi_0.052556mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.00 and 4.25 phi, or 0.052556 and 0.0625 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   4.50phi_0.044194mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.25 and 4.50 phi, or 0.044194 and 0.052556 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   4.75phi_0.037163mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.50 and 4.75 phi, or 0.037163 and 0.044194 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   5.00phi_0.03125mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.75 and 5.00 phi, or 0.03125 and 0.037163 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   5.25phi_0.026278mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.00 and 5.25 phi, or 0.026278 and 0.03125 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   5.50phi_0.022097mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.25 and 5.50 phi, or 0.022097 and 0.026278 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   5.75phi_0.018581mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.50 and 5.75 phi, or 0.018581 and 0.022097 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   6.00phi_0.015625mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.75 and 6.00 phi, or 0.015625 and 0.018581 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   6.25phi_0.013139mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.00 and 6.25 phi, or 0.013139 and 0.015625 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   6.50phi_0.011049mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.25 and 6.50 phi, or 0.011049 and 0.013139 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   6.75phi_0.009291mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.50 and 6.75 phi, or 0.009291 and 0.011049 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   7.00phi_0.007813mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.75 and 7.00 phi, or 0.007813 and 0.009291 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   7.25phi_0.00657mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.00 and 7.25 phi, or 0.00657 and 0.007813 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   7.50phi_0.005524mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.25 and 7.50 phi, or 0.005524 and 0.00657 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   7.75phi_0.004645mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.50 and 7.75 phi, or 0.004645 and 0.005524 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   8.00phi_0.003906mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.75 and 8.00 phi, or 0.003906 and 0.004645 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   8.25phi_0.003285mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.00 and 8.25 phi, or 0.003285 and 0.003906 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   8.50phi_0.002762mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.25 and 8.50 phi, or 0.002762 and 0.003285 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   8.75phi_0.002323mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.50 and 8.75 phi, or 0.002323 and 0.002762 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   9.00phi_0.001953mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.75 and 9.00 phi, or 0.001953 and 0.002323 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   9.25phi_0.001642mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.00 and 9.25 phi, or 0.001642 and 0.001953 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   9.50phi_0.001381mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.25 and 9.50 phi, or 0.001381 and 0.001642 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   9.75phi_0.001161mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.50 and 9.75 phi, or 0.001161 and 0.001381 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   9.99phi_0.000983mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.75 and 9.99 phi, or 0.000983 and 0.001161 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   10.25phi_0.000821mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.99 and 10.25 phi, or 0.000821 and 0.000983 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   10.50phi_0.000691mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.25 and 10.50 phi, or 0.000691 and 0.000821 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   10.75phi_0.000581mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.50 and 10.75 phi, or 0.000581 and 0.000691 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   10.99phi_0.000492mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.75 and 10.99 phi, or 0.000492 and 0.000581 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   11.25phi_0.000411mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.99 and 11.25 phi, or 0.000411 and 0.000492 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   11.48phi_0.00035mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 11.25 and 11.48 phi, or 0.00035 and 0.000411 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   12.02phi_0.000241mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 11.48 and 12.02 phi, or 0.000241 and 0.00035 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   13.02phi_0.00012mm

   Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 12.02 and 13.02 phi, or 0.00012 and 0.000241 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   Percent_Gravel

   percent of sample greater than 2 mm (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   Percent_Sand

   percent of sample less than 2 mm and greater than 63 microns (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   Percent_Silt

   percent of sample less than 63 microns and greater than 4 microns (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   Percent_Clay

   percent of sample less than 4 microns (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   Percent_Mud

   percent of sample less than 63 microns (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	100
   Units:	percentage

   Gravel_to_Sand_ratio

   ratio of percent gravel in sample to percent sand (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	4.5
   Units:	dimensionless

   Sand_to_Silt_ratio

   ratio of percent sand in sample to percent silt (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	0.77
   Units:	dimensionless

   Silt_to_Clay_ratio

   ratio of percent silt in sample to percent clay (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.85
   Maximum:	1.97
   Units:	dimensionless

   Sand_to_Clay_ratio

   ratio of percent sand in sample to percent clay (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	1.07
   Units:	dimensionless

   Sand_to_Mud_ratio

   ratio of percent sand in sample to percent mud (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	0.45
   Units:	dimensionless

   Gravel_to_Mud_ratio

   ratio of percent gravel in sample to percent mud (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	1.59
   Units:	dimensionless

   D5_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D5 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-2.93
   Maximum:	5.29
   Units:	Phi size

   D10_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D10 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-3.33
   Maximum:	6.13
   Units:	Phi size

   D16_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D16 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-3.27
   Maximum:	6.62
   Units:	Phi size

   D25_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D25 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-3.19
   Maximum:	7.19
   Units:	Phi size

   D50_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D50 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-1.19
   Maximum:	8.15
   Units:	Phi size

   D75_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D75 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	6.53
   Maximum:	9.29
   Units:	Phi size

   D84_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D84 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	7.93
   Maximum:	9.79
   Units:	Phi size

   D90_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D90 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	8.94
   Maximum:	10.18
   Units:	Phi size

   D95_percent_coarser_in_phi

   Phi size at D95 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	9.9
   Maximum:	10.56
   Units:	Phi size

   D95_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D95 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	0
   Units:	millimeters

   D90_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D90 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	0
   Units:	millimeters

   D84_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D84 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	0
   Units:	millimeters

   D75_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D75 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	0.01
   Units:	millimeters

   D50_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D50 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	2.65
   Units:	millimeters

   D25_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D25 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	10.02
   Units:	millimeters

   D16_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D16 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	10.52
   Units:	millimeters

   D10_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D10 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.01
   Maximum:	10.93
   Units:	millimeters

   D5_percent_coarser_in_mm

   mm size at D5 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.03
   Maximum:	9.67
   Units:	millimeters

   Folk_Ward_Median_percent_coarser

   median for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-1.19
   Maximum:	8.15
   Units:	Phi size

   Folk_Ward_Mean_percent_coarser

   mean for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.16
   Maximum:	8.19
   Units:	Phi size

   Folk_Ward_Sorting_percent_coarser

   sorting for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.59
   Maximum:	4.74
   Units:	dimensionless

   Folk_Ward_Skewness_percent_coarser

   skewness for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-0.37
   Maximum:	0.70
   Units:	dimensionless

   Folk_Ward_Kurtosis_percent_coarser

   kurtosis for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.54
   Maximum:	1.14
   Units:	dimensionless

   Inman_Median_percent_coarser

   median for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-1.19
   Maximum:	8.15
   Units:	Phi size

   Inman_Mean_percent_coarser

   mean for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2.33
   Maximum:	8.21
   Units:	Phi size

   Inman_Sorting_percent_coarser

   sorting for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.59
   Maximum:	5.60
   Units:	dimensionless

   Inman_Skew_16_84_percent_coarser

   skewness for sample (D16-D84) by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-0.36
   Maximum:	0.64
   Units:	dimensionless

   Inman_Skew_05_95_percent_coarser

   skewness for sample (D05-D95) by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-0.61
   Maximum:	0.85
   Units:	dimensionless

   Inman_Kurtosis_percent_coarser

   kurtosis for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.14
   Maximum:	0.66
   Units:	dimensionless

   Trask_Median_percent_coarser

   median for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	2.65
   Units:	millimeters

   Trask_Mean_percent_coarser

   mean for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	5.02
   Units:	millimeters

   Trask_Sorting_percent_coarser

   sorting for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2.13
   Maximum:	30.45
   Units:	dimensionless

   Trask_Skewness_percent_coarser

   skewness for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.04
   Maximum:	2.80
   Units:	dimensionless

   Trask_Kurtosis_percent_coarser

   kurtosis for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.04
   Maximum:	0.45
   Units:	dimensionless

   1_Moment_Mean_Phi

   First Moment measure (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.27
   Maximum:	8.13
   Units:	Phi size

   1_Moment_Mean_mm

   First Moment measure (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0
   Maximum:	0.42
   Units:	millimeters

   2_Moment_Variance

   Second Moment measure (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2.42
   Maximum:	25.33
   Units:	dimensionless

   2_Moment_Standard_Deviation

   Second Moment measure (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.55
   Maximum:	5.03
   Units:	Phi size

   3_Moment_Skewness

   Third Moment measure (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-0.82
   Maximum:	0.59
   Units:	dimensionless

   4_Moment_Kurtosis

   Fourth Moment measure (Source: producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.74
   Maximum:	2.82
   Units:	dimensionless

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
   

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Hope L. Ianiri
   • Amy Gartman
   • Nancy G. Prouty
2. Who also contributed to the data set?
   Angela Tan at the U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center measured grain size analysis.
3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   831-427-4747 (voice)

   pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 11-Jun-2022 (process 1 of 2)

   SEDIMENT COLLECTION. Samples were collected aboard the R/V Thomas Thompson via push coring using the ROV Jason. Once recovered shipboard, pore waters were extracted via rhizon samplers, cores were subsectioned into one to five cm slices, the exterior sediment which was in contact with the core liner was removed, and remaining sediment was stored frozen in pre-combusted glass jars.

   Date: 15-May-2024 (process 2 of 2)

   GRAIN-SIZE ANALYSIS: Grain-size analysis was conducted by the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center (PCMSC) sediment lab using a Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 particle size analyzer with an aqueous liquid module attachment. PCMSC procedures are modified from those described in Carver (1971) and Folk (1974, 1980). 5-50 grams of sediment was sub-sampled and at least 10 milliliters of 30 percent hydrogen peroxide were added to oxidize overnight to remove organics. The samples were then heated to 250 degrees Celsius to drive off excess hydrogen peroxide. Next, samples were placed in an ultrasonic bath to help disperse silt and clay (mud) from sand and larger-sized particles. Samples were then rinsed twice in deionized water with centrifugation to remove soluble ions. Subsequently, the samples were wet sieved with 1 millimeter and 0.063 millimeter sieves to segregate the combined gravel and coarse sand fraction (greater than 1 millimeter), sand (1 millimeter to 0.063 millimeter), and mud (less than 0.063 millimeter). The coarse sand + gravel fractions were then dried, dry sieved at 1/4phi intervals and weighed (Carver, 1971). The sand fraction was dried and weighed. The mud fraction was collected in a 1 liter graduated cylinder, 5 milliliters of at least 10 percent sodium hexametaphosphate (dispersant) were added, and deionized water was added to bring the total the volume to 1 liter. The mud + dispersant solution sat overnight to ensure complete dispersion and to observe if flocculation occurred. Subsequently, a 20 milliliter aliquot was extracted from the graduated cylinder and dried to obtain the mud fraction weight normalized to a 1-liter basis. The mud and sand fractions were analyzed separately via the Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 with the aqueous liquid module attachment. All size fraction data were compiled and converted by the PCMSC sediment lab pcSDSZ program (Penscil, 2015) to a grain-size distribution at 1/4phi size intervals on a weight percent basis. pcSDSZ also calculated interpolated sizes and graphical statistics on a percent coarser basis (Folk and Ward, 1957; Folk, 1966; Folk, 1974, 1980; Inman, 1952; Trask, 1930, 1932) and moment measures (Collias and others, 1963; Jaquet and Vernet, 1976; Folk, 1980). Person who carried out this activity:
   

   Angela Tan

   USGS

   Physical Scientist

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   831-460-7409 (voice)

   atan@usgs.gov

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
   Ianiri, Hope L., Campbell, Pamela L., Gartman, Amy, and Prouty, Nancy G., 2025, Characterizing sedimentary organic carbon in a hydrothermal spreading center, the Escanaba Trough.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122679

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Ianiri, H.L., Campbell, P., Gartman, A., and Prouty, N.G., 2025, Characterizing sedimentary organic carbon in a hydrothermal spreading center, the Escanaba Trough: Chemical Geology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122679.

   Morton, J. L., Zierenberg, Robert A., and Reiss, Carol A., 1994, Geologic, hydrothermal, and biologic studies at Escanaba Trough, Gorda Ridge, offshore northern California.

   Online Links:

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Morton, J.L., Zierenberg, R.A., Reiss, C.A., 1994. Geologic, hydrothermal, and biologic studies at Escanaba Trough: an introduction, in: Geologic, Hydrothermal, and Biologic Studies at Escanaba Trough, Gorda Ridge, Offshore Northern California. U.S. Geological Survey.

   Clague, David. A., Zierenberg, Robert A., Paduan, Jennifer B., Caress, David W., Cousens, Brian L., Dreyer, Brian M., Davis, Alice S., McClain, James, and Ross, Stephanie L., 2022, Emplacement and impacts of lava flows and intrusions on the sediment-buried Escanaba Segment of the Gorda mid-ocean ridge.

   Online Links:

   • https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377027322002323

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Clague, D.A., Zierenberg, R.A., Paduan, J.B., Caress, D.W., Cousens, B.L., Dreyer, B.M., Davis, A.S., McClain, J., Ross, S.L., 2022. Emplacement and impacts of lava flows and intrusions on the sediment-buried Escanaba Segment of the Gorda mid-ocean ridge. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 432, 107701.

   Beckman-Coulter, 2011, Instructions for Use: LS 13 320 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer.

   Online Links:

   • https://www.beckmancoulter.com/wsrportal/techdocs?docname=b05577ab.pdf

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Beckman-Coulter, 2011, Instructions for Use: LS 13 320 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer: Brea, Calif., Beckman-Coulter, 246 p.

   Carver, Robert E., 1971, Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology.

   Online Links:

   • https://tamug-ir.tdl.org/handle/1969.3/21450

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Carver, R.E., 1971, Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology: Wiley Interscience, New York: 49-94.

   Collias, E.E., Rona, M.R., McManus, D.A., and Creager, J.S., 1963, Machine processing of geological data.

   Online Links:

   • https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0423746.pdf

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Collias, E.E., Rona, M.R., McManus, D.A., and Creager, J.S., 1963, Machine processing of geological data: Department of Oceanography, University of Washington, Technical Report No. 87, 119 p.

   Engleman, Edythe E., Jackson, Larry L., and Norton, Daniel R., 1985, Determination of carbonate carbon in geological materials by coulometric titration.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90025-7

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Engleman, E.E., Jackson, L.L., and Norton, D.R., 1985, Determination of carbonate carbon in geological materials by coulometric titration: Chemical Geology, v. 53, p. 125-128.

   Folk, Robert Louis, 1974, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks.

   Online Links:

   • https://tamug-ir.tdl.org/handle/1969.3/21435

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Folk, R.L., 1974, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks: Hemphill Publishing Co., Austin, TX, 182 p.

   Folk, Robert Louis, 1980, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks.

   Online Links:

   • https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/22930/folkpetrology.pdf?sequence=3

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Folk, R.L., 1980, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks: Hemphill Publishing Co., Austin, TX, 184 p.

   Folk, Robert Louis, 1966, A review of grain-size parameters.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1966.tb01572.x

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Folk, R. L.,1966, A review of grain-size parameters: Sedimentology, v. 6, p. 73-93.

   Folk, Robert Louis, and Ward, William C., 1957, Brazos River bar; a study in the significance of grain size parameters.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Folk, R.L., and Ward, W.C., 1957, Brazos River bar; a study in the significance of grain size parameters: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 27, p. 3-26.

   Inman, Douglas Lamar, 1952, Measures for describing the size distribution of sediments.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1306/D42694DB-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Inman, D.L., 1952, Measures for describing the size distribution of sediments: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 22, p. 125-145.

   Jaquet, J.M., and Vernet, J.P., 1976, Moment and graphic size parameters in sediments of Lake Geneva (Switzerland).

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1306/212F6F46-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Jaquet J. M., and Vernet J.P., 1976, Moment and graphic size parameters in sediments of Lake Geneva (Switzerland): Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 46, p. 305-312.

   Inc., Penscil, 2015, pcSDSZ: Sediment Size Analysis Software for Windows Operation Manual Version 2.00, prepared for USGS Coastal and Marine Geology.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Penscil Inc., 2015, pcSDSZ: Sediment Size Analysis Software for Windows Operation Manual Version 2.00, prepared for USGS Coastal and Marine Geology. Unpublished document.

   Syvitski, J., 1991, Principles, Methods, and Applications of Particle Size Analysis.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511626142

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Syvitski, J., 1991, Principles, Methods, and Applications of Particle Size Analysis: Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, 292 p.

   Trask, Parker D., 1930, Mechanical analyses of sediments by centrifuge.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.25.6.581

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Trask, P.D., 1930, Mechanical analyses of sediments by centrifuge: Economic Geology, v. 25, p. 581-599.

   Trask, Parker D., 1932, Origin and environment of source sediments of petroleum.

   Online Links:

   • https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-marine-biological-association-of-the-united-kingdom/article/abs/origin-and-environment-of-source-sediments-of-petroleum-by-d-trask-parker-assisted-by-harold-e-hammar-and-c-c-wu-gulf-publishing-co-houston-texas-323-pp-1932/E4212BACC9A798808CC166A1DE4CF691#article

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Trask, P.D., 1932, Origin and environment of source sediments of petroleum: Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, 323 p.

   Inc., UIC, 2022, Operation Manual Model CM5017 CO2 Coulometer.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   UIC Inc., Operation Manual Model CM5017 CO2 Coulometer, Joliet, IL, 2.0, p. 28-30.

   Inc., UIC, 2022, Operation Manual Model CM5200 Autosampler Furnace.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   UIC Inc., Operation Manual Model CM5200 Autosampler Furnace, Joliet, IL, 2.4, 13 p.

   Inc., UIC, 2022, Operation Manual Model CM5230 Acidification Module.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   UIC Inc., Operation Manual Model CM5230 Acidification Module, Joliet, IL, 2.1, p. 15-17.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   For grain-size analyses, annual service tests and daily calibrations with reference standards ensured that the Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 operated within specifications. Each sample was analyzed three times by the instrument and the data were averaged. In addition, a lab procedural duplicate was run with each batch of samples to ensure consistency and values were within 15 percent. For total carbon and total inorganic carbon analyses, duplicates were run for each sample and the results were averaged. PCMSC ensured that the instrument was within specifications by running blanks and pure, reagent-grade calcium carbonate standard before and after every 10 samples. A lab procedural duplicate was run with each batch of samples to ensure consistency and values were within 15 percent. The duplicate carbon values were within 15 percent.
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   The horizontal accuracy for each sample was obtained from the ROV's Ultra Short Baseline Positioning System (USBL) navigation after calibration to the CASIUS (Calibration of Attitude Sensors In USBL Systems) calibration system. Accuracy for this depth is approximately 10 to 20 m.
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   The vertical accuracy was determined using multiple DVLs (Doppler Velocity Loggers) on the ROV, which are accurate to less than 1 m.
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   Dataset is considered complete for the information presented as described in the abstract. Some samples do not have radiocarbon data because this analysis was only performed on a subset of representative samples. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

   Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

   Denver, CO
   

   1-888-275-8747 (voice)

   sciencebase@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in a single csv file (EscanabaTrough_organicgeochemistry_grainsize.csv).
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
   Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	csv file in format comma-delimited text (version Microsoft Excel Version 2308 Build 16731.20716 Click-to-Run) Size: 0.08578
     Network links:	https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/668f1199d34e4f2ebb7466cb https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/668f1199d34e4f2ebb7466cb https://doi.org/10.5066/P13XVXQC

   • Cost to order the data: None.

5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
   These data can be viewed with Microsoft Excel or any text reading software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 18-Feb-2025

Metadata author:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)

pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)