Survey of sites for the presence of the nonindigenous benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai along the west coast of North America from 1930 to 2024 (ver. 2.0, May 2025)

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Mary McGann
Originator: Amy C. Foxgrover
Originator: Renee K. Takesue
Originator: Eric E. Grossman
Originator: Michael E. Torresan
Originator: Melanie Moreno
Originator: Sandra Weakland
Originator: Rendy Keaten
Originator: Roger Lewis
Originator: Roberto J. Anima
Originator: Christopher C. Fuller
Originator: Paula J. Quinterno
Originator: Andrew N. Cohen
Originator: Ruth A. Martin
Originator: Anson H. Hines
Originator: Cynthia A. Wright
Originator: Valerie Macdonald
Originator: Mairi M. R. Best
Originator: Roberto J. Llanso
Originator: Mary Sue Brancato
Originator: Dan Penttila
Originator: James T. Carlton
Originator: Doris Sloan
Originator: Charlotte A. Brunner
Originator: James Ingle, Jr.
Publication_Date: 20241017
Title:

Survey of sites for the presence of the nonindigenous benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai along the west coast of North America from 1930 to 2024 (ver. 2.0, May 2025)

Edition: 2.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-separated values
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P13KSOAC

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: McGann, M., Foxgrover, A.C., Takesue, R.K., Grossman, E.E., Torresan, M.E., Moreno, M., Weakland, S., Keaten, R., Lewis, R., Anima, R.J., Fuller, C.C., Quinterno, P.J., Cohen, A.N., Martin, R.A., Hines, A.H., Wright, C.A., Macdonald, V., Best, M.M.R., Llanso, R.J., Brancato, M.S., Penttila, D., Carlton, J.T., Sloan, D., and Brunner, C.A., 2024, Survey of sites for the presence of the nonindigenous benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai along the west coast of North America from 1930 to 2024 (ver. 2.0, May 2025): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13KSOAC.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13KSOAC

Description:

Abstract:

Results of a survey of samples collected from 1930 to 2024 along the west coast of the United States from Alaska to San Diego, California as well as Honolulu, Hawaii for the presence of the Asian nonindigenous benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai.

Purpose:

In 1995 we identified the nonindigenous benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai, a common protozoan species in Asian estuaries, in core-top sediments that were collected in 1993 from south San Francisco Bay, CA (McGann, 1995). Following this discovery, we undertook a systematic re-examination of foraminiferal studies, cores, and recent sediment samples acquired between 1930 and 2024 from that bay, as well as along the west coast of North America from Alaska to the U.S.-Mexico border and Hawaii to determine its current range as of 2024.

Supplemental_Information:

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19300101
Ending_Date: 20241108

Currentness_Reference: Ground condition at time data were collected.

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.890781
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -117.087040
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 61.241667
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 19.699333

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Habitat

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: organisms
Theme_Keyword: protists
Theme_Keyword: animals

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: fragile ecosystems

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: PCMSC
Theme_Keyword: foraminifera
Theme_Keyword: benthic foraminifera

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:664e545dd34e702fe87458f7

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean
Place_Keyword: State of Alaska
Place_Keyword: State of Washington
Place_Keyword: State of Oregon
Place_Keyword: State of California
Place_Keyword: State of Hawaii

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: NGA GEOnet Names Server (GNS)
Place_Keyword: British Columbia
Place_Keyword: Canada

Access_Constraints: No access constraints
Use_Constraints:

USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: [email protected]

Native_Data_Set_Environment: Mac OSX 15.3.2, Microsoft Excel 16.95.4 for Mac.
Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: J.A. McDonald
Originator: P.L. Diediker
Publication_Date: 1930
Title:

A preliminary report on the foraminifera of San Francisco Bay, California

Other_Citation_Details:

McDonald, J.A., and Diediker, P.L., 1930, A preliminary report on the foraminifera of San Francisco Bay, California: Micropaleontology Bulletin, v. 2, no. 2, p. 33-37.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: T.J. Conomos
Publication_Date: 1963
Title:

Geologic aspects of the recent sediments of south San Francisco Bay

Other_Citation_Details:

Conomos, T.J., 1963, Geologic aspects of the recent sediments of south San Francisco Bay: San Jose, California, San Jose State College, M.S. thesis, 118 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: K.D. Means
Publication_Date: 1965
Title: Sediments and foraminifera of Richardson Bay, California.
Other_Citation_Details:

Means, K.D., 1965, Sediments and foraminifera of Richardson Bay, California: Los Angeles, California, University of Southern California, M.A. thesis, 80 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: R.A. Slater
Publication_Date: 1965
Title: Sedimentary environments in Suisun Bay, California.
Other_Citation_Details:

Slater, R.A., 1965, Sedimentary environments in Suisun Bay, California: Los Angeles, California, University of Southern California, M.A. thesis, 104 pp.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: R. Gram
Publication_Date: 1966
Title:

The marine geology of the Recent sediments of central San Francisco Bay.

Other_Citation_Details:

Gram, R., 1966, The marine geology of the Recent sediments of central San Francisco Bay: San Jose, California, San Jose State College, M.S. thesis, 132 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: P.J. Quinterno
Publication_Date: 1968
Title:

Distribution of recent foraminifera in central and south San Francisco Bay.

Other_Citation_Details:

Quinterno, P.J., 1968, Distribution of recent foraminifera in central and south San Francisco Bay: San Jose, California, San Jose State College, M.S. thesis, 83 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: J.L. Locke
Publication_Date: 1971
Title:

Sedimentation and foraminiferal aspects of the recent sediments of San Pablo Bay.

Other_Citation_Details:

Locke, J.L., 1971, Sedimentation and foraminiferal aspects of the recent sediments of San Pablo Bay: San Jose, California, San Jose State College, M.S. thesis, 100 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: C.L. Connor
Publication_Date: 1975
Title: Holocene sedimentation history of Richardson Bay, California.
Other_Citation_Details:

Connor, C.L., 1975, Holocene sedimentation history of Richardson Bay, California: Stanford, California, Stanford University, M.S. thesis, 112 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: D.B. Wagner
Publication_Date: 1978
Title:

Environmental history of central San Francisco Bay with emphasis on foraminiferal paleontology and clay mineralogy.

Other_Citation_Details:

Wagner, D.B., 1978, Environmental history of central San Francisco Bay with emphasis on foraminiferal paleontology and clay mineralogy: Berkeley, California, University of California, Ph.D. Dissertation, 274 p.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: R.E. Arnal
Originator: P.J. Quinterno
Originator: T.J. Conomos
Originator: R. Gram
Publication_Date: 1980
Title:

Trends in the distribution of recent foraminifera in San Francisco Bay.

Other_Citation_Details:

Arnal, R.E., Quinterno, P.J., Conomos, T.J., Gram, R., 1980, Trends in the distribution of recent foraminifera in San Francisco Bay, in: Sliter, W.V., ed., Studies in Marine Micropaleontology and Paleoecology: Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research Special Publication 19, p. 17-39.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: P.J. Quinterno
Originator: B. Carkin
Publication_Date: 1991
Title:

Benthic foraminifers from Prince William Sound, Alaska Ð one year after the Exxon Valdez oil spill.

Other_Citation_Details:

Quinterno, P.J., and Carkin, B.A., 1991, Benthic foraminifers from Prince William Sound, Alaska Ð one year after the Exxon Valdez oil spill, in Carlson, P.R., ed., Sediment of Prince William Sound, beach to deep fjord floor, a year after the Exxon Valdez oil spill: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-631, p. 31-68.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91631

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: J.M. McCormick
Originator: K.P. Severin
Originator: J.H. Lipps
Publication_Date: 1994
Title:

Summer and winter distribution of foraminifera in Tomales Bay, northern California.

Other_Citation_Details:

McCormick, J.M., Severin, K.P., and Lipps, J.H., 1994, Summer and winter distribution of foraminifera in Tomales Bay, northern California: Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research Special Publication 32, p. 69-101.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: USGS
Originator: BRD
Originator: CERC
Originator: Texas A&M University
Publication_Date: 1998
Title:

Fate of disposal material and polluted sediment, offshore Honolulu.

Other_Citation_Details:

USGS, BRD, CERC, and Texas A&M University, 1998, Fate of disposal material and polluted sediment, offshore Honolulu (Coastal and Marine Geology Program), in Final report on survey of sediment toxicity in the vicinity of Honolulu Hawaii, 18 p. with 9 attachments.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Publication_Date: 1995
Title:

3500-year B.P. record of climatic change in estuarine deposits of south San Francisco Bay, California.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., 1995, 3500-year B.P. record of climatic change in estuarine deposits of south San Francisco Bay, California, in Sangins, E.M., Andersen, D.W., and Buising, A.V., eds., Recent geologic studies in the San Francisco Bay area:Ê Pacific Section, Society of Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), v. 76, p. 225-236.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Originator: D. Sloan
Publication_Date: 1999
Title:

Benthic foraminifers in the Regional Monitoring Program's San Francisco Estuary samples, in 1997 Annual Report for the Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances in the San Francisco Estuary

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., and Sloan, D., 1999, Benthic foraminifers in the Regional Monitoring Program's San Francisco Estuary samples, in 1997 Annual Report for the Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances in the San Francisco Estuary: San Francisco Estuary Institute, Richmond, CA p. 249-258.

Online_Linkage:

https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/1997_RMP_Annual_Report.pdf

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Publication_Date: 2008
Title:

High-resolution foraminiferal, isotopic, and trace element records from Holocene estuarine deposits of San Francisco Bay, California.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., 2008, High-resolution foraminiferal, isotopic, and trace element records from Holocene estuarine deposits of San Francisco Bay, California: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1092-1109.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2112/08A-0003.1

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: R.L. Anima
Originator: J.L. Chin
Originator: D.P. Finlayson
Originator: M.L. McGann
Originator: F.L. Wong
Publication_Date: 2008
Title:

Interferometric sidescan mapping, sediment and foraminiferal analyses: a new look at Tomales Bay, California.

Other_Citation_Details:

Anima, R.L., Chin, J.L., Finlayson, D.P., McGann, M.L., and Wong, F.L., 2008, Interferometric sidescan mapping, sediment and foraminiferal analyses: a new look at Tomales Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1237, 33 p.

Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1237

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Originator: E.E. Grossman
Originator: R.K. Takesue
Originator: D. Penttila
Originator: J.P. Walsh
Originator: R. Corbett
Publication_Date: 2012
Title:

Arrival and expansion of the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio in Padilla Bay, Washington.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., Grossman, E.E., Takesue, R.K. Penttila, D., Walsh, J.P., and Corbett R., 2012, Arrival and expansion of the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio in Padilla Bay, Washington: Northwest Science, v. 86, no. 1, p. 9-26.

Online_Linkage: https://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3955/046.086.0102

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Originator: L. Erikson
Originator: E. Wan
Originator: C. Powell, II
Originator: R.F. Maddocks
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:

Distribution of biologic, anthropogenic, and volcanic constituents as a proxy for sediment transport in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., Erikson, L., Wan, E., Powell, C., II, and Maddocks, R.F., 2013, Distribution of biologic, anthropogenic, and volcanic constituents as a proxy for sediment transport in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 113-142.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.006

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: R.A. Martin
Originator: E.A. Nesbitt
Originator: D.E. Martin
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:

Distribution of foraminifera in Puget Sound, Western Washington, U.S.A.

Other_Citation_Details:

Martin, R.A., Nesbitt, E.A., and Martin, D.E., 2013, Distribution of foraminifera in Puget Sound, Western Washington, U.S.A.: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 43, no. 3, p. 291-304.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.43.3.291

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Publication_Date: 2014
Title:

Earliest record of the invasive Foraminifera Trochammina hadai in San Francisco Bay, California, USA.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., 2014, Earliest record of the invasive Foraminifera Trochammina hadai in San Francisco Bay, California, USA: Marine Biodiversity Records, 7(e94), p. 1-7.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755267214000888

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

Initial dispersal (1986Ð1987) of the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio in San Francisco Bay, California, USA.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., 2018, Initial dispersal (1986Ð1987) of the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio in San Francisco Bay, California, USA: Micropaleontology, v. 64, p. 365Ð378.

Online_Linkage: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26759096

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Originator: G.M. Ruiz
Originator: A.H. Hines
Originator: G. Smith
Publication_Date: 2019
Title:

A shipÕs ballasting history as an indicator of foraminiferal invasion potential Ð an example from Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., Ruiz, G.M., Hines, A.H., and Smith G., 2019, A shipÕs ballasting history as an indicator of foraminiferal invasion potential Ð an example from Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 49, p. 434Ð455.

Online_Linkage:

https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/cushmanfoundation/jfr/article-pdf/49/4/434/4855343/i0096-1191-49-4-434.pdf

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Originator: S.W. Starratt
Originator: L. Reidy
Originator: T.D. Lorenson
Originator: R.L. Phillips
Originator: T.A. Kneeshaw
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:

Radiocarbon measurements, census counts of benthic foraminifera, diatoms, and palynomorphs, and geochemistry from core 721-1 obtained in 2002 off San Francisquito Creek in South San Francisco Bay.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., Starratt, S.W., Reidy, L., Lorenson, T.D., Phillips, R.L., and Kneeshaw, T.A., 2023. Radiocarbon measurements, census counts of benthic foraminifera, diatoms, and palynomorphs, and geochemistry from core 721-1 obtained in 2002 off San Francisquito Creek in South San Francisco Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QQT6KZ.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. McGann
Originator: M. Holzmann
Publication_Date: 2024
Title:

First occurrence of the invasive Asian foraminifera Ammonia confertitesta in the northeastern Pacific Ocean: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.

Other_Citation_Details:

McGann, M., and Holzmann, M., 2024, First occurrence of the invasive Asian foraminifera Ammonia confertitesta in the northeastern Pacific Ocean: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada: Micropaleontology, v. 70, p. 115-127.

Online_Linkage: htpps://doi.org/10.47894/mpal.70.2.02

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Microscopes are operationally checked every year to assure optics are aligned and visual acuity can be maximized during sorting and identifications. Specimen identifications were compared to reference material (actual specimens and published monographs) to ensure identifications were accurate. Specimen enumeration (counts)or tabulations of presence and absence were checked with original laboratory bench sorting sheets to assure numbers were correct, and the sorting and data entry into spreadsheets was rechecked at least once.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Data were checked for logical consistency by the laboratory staff before release to confirm that numerical values were not outside a reasonable range for a particular field.

Completeness_Report:

Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy was determined with a Leica GPS for R/V Polaris cruises 1983-611-DD, 1986-602-DD, and P-1-87-SF, a Garmin ProNav GPS 100 for R/V David Johnston cruises 1993-602-DD and J-1-98-SF, a Garmin 4212 GPS for R/V Parke Snavely cruises S-7-10-SF and S-8-10-SF, and a Garmin GPSmap XSV chartplotter and Garmin GPS19x antenna for the R/V Jewell cruise 2024-662-FA. The horizontal accuracy for the 1997-1999 Washington State Department of Ecology PSAMP samples was determined using a Trimble NT300D GPS with 2-meter accuracy. The horizontal accuracy was not specified for the other sites.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Depth was determined using a Garmin GPSMAP with depth sounder for R/V Polaris cruises 1983-611-DD, 1986-602-DD, and P-1-87-SF, and a Furuno FCV585 depth sounder for R/V David Johnston and R/V Parke Snavely cruises 1993-602-DD, J-1-98-SF, S-7-10-SF, and S-8-10-SF, and R/V Jewell cruise 2024-662-FA. The vertical accuracy was not specified for the other sites.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Surface and core sediment samples were analyzed for benthic foraminifera. These sediment samples were wet-sieved through stacked 0.063 mm, 0.150 mm, and 1.0 mm screens to remove the silt and clay-sized fractions (less than 0.063 mm). Sediment remaining on each screen was transferred to filter paper, air-dried, and then recombined with the other size fractions. Foraminifera were extracted from the greater than 0.063 mm to 1.0 mm fractions. Each sample was split with the aid of a microsplitter into an aliquot containing at least 300 benthic foraminifers. While viewing under a microscope, specimens were removed from the matrix with a small, moistened picking brush, and placed on pre-glued microfaunal slides. All specimens were picked, including the nonindigenous species Trochammina hadai, identified using the nomenclature registered in the World Foraminiferal Database, and tabulated. If the sample contained less than 300 foraminifera, all that were present were picked. The foraminiferal slides and residues of this study are on file at the U.S. Geological Survey, Santa Cruz, California.

Process_Date: 2022

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Samples collected during the R/V Jewell cruise 2024-662-FA were analyzed and added to this dataset following the same process.

Process_Date: 2025
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Mary McGann
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: [email protected]

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 2544

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698214

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: T_hadai_US_west_coast_sites_v2.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:

Results of presence or absence data of the non-indigenous benthic foraminiferal species Trochammina hadai at sites along the west coast of North America.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Country
Attribute_Definition: Country in which the sample was obtained
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined.
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: United States
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Country in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Canada
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Country in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: State_Province
Attribute_Definition: State or Province in which the sample was obtained
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined.
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Alaska
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: State in the United States in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: British Columbia
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Province in Canada in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: California
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: State in the United States in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hawaii
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: State in the United States in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Oregon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: State in the United States in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Washington
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: State in the United States in which the sample was obtained
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Collector
Attribute_Definition: Name of the person who collected the sample
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: List of names of those who collected samples

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Collectors_Institution
Attribute_Definition: Name of the institution of the person who collected the sample
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

List of institutions to which those who collected samples are affiliated. NAN indicates the CollectorÕs Institution was not specified.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: USGS_Field_Activity_Number
Attribute_Definition: Name of the field activity
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined.
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique alphanumeric identifier for a U.S. Geological Survey field activity, in F-F-FF-FF or FFFF-FFF-FF format. The F-F-FF-FF format (for example, F-5-89-PW) represents the ship used for sampling (for example, F equals Farnella), the number of the cruise by that ship in the year (for example, 5 equals fifth cruise), the year of the cruise (for example, 89 equals 1989), and an abbreviation of the geographic location of the cruise (for example PW equals Prince William Sound, Alaska). The FFFF-FFF-FF format (for example, 1997-609-FA or 2000-606-DD) represents the year of the field activity (for example FFFF equals 1997), the number assigned to the field activity (FFF equals 609), and the last two digits (FF) representing a USGS field activity (FA) or donated data (DD) (such as, samples). NAN indicates no USGS Field Activity Number was assigned.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition: Name of the sample
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Unique alphanumeric identifier for the sample.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample_Type
Attribute_Definition:

Type of sample collected. NAN indicates no sampling device was recorded.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Produce defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Gravity Core
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Gravity Core indicates the sample was collected with a gravity corer from a vessel.